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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Vibrio spp. cause vibriosis in many saltwater and freshwater aquatic species, such as fish, crustaceans, and mollusks. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus are among the few Vibrio species commonly found in infections in fish. This study aimed at investigating the chemical composition and evaluating the antibacterial activities of Salix babylonica L. The ethyl acetate (LL2) and methanolic (LL3) extracts were used to evaluate the resistance of strains as V. parahaemolyticus LBT6 and VTCC 12233, and two strains of V. alginolyticus, NG20 and ATCC 17749, and compared their efficacy with cefotaxime in order to find an alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of vibriosis. The obtained results show that the LL2 extract, with its major components identified as chrysoeriol, luteolin, and β-sitosterol, exhibited a bacteriostatic effect against all the tested strains. In parallel, the LL3 extract, with the four major compounds luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, salicin, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, showed significant bactericidal activity against these four strains; the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) varied from 2.0 to 3.0 μg/mL and from 3.5 to 5.0 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the LL3 extract could effectively increase the survival rate of the challenged fish at a dose of 5% (w/w) for the zebrafish (Danio rerio) and 3% (w/w) for the sea bass (Lates calcarifer). The LL3 extract showed a potential application of S. babylonica L. in the prevention and treatment of vibriosis in fish.

Details

Title
Protective Effect of Willow (Salix babylonica L.) on Fish Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus
Author
Thi Minh Ngoc Mai 1 ; Thi Bich Huyen Vu 2 ; Minh Ha Le 3 ; Thi Thu Hien Nguyen 4 ; Thi Thu Hang Trinh 4 ; Le, Minh Hai 5 ; Tran, Nguyen Ngoc 6 ; Nguyen, Quang Linh 6 ; Thi Hai Yen Pham 6 ; Hoang Nam Pham 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Thi Tam Pham 8 

 Department of Testing and Quality Assurance, Hanoi Open University, 101 Nguyen Hien, Hai Ba Trun, Hanoi 11615, Vietnam; Institute of Biological and Food Technology, Hanoi Open University, B101 Nguyen Hien, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 11615, Vietnam 
 Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11311, Vietnam 
 Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam 
 Institute of Biological and Food Technology, Hanoi Open University, B101 Nguyen Hien, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 11615, Vietnam 
 Faculty of Fisheries, Vinh University, Vinh 43105, Vietnam 
 Faculty of Fisheries, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Hue City 49116, Vietnam 
 Department of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam 
 Institute of Biological and Food Technology, Hanoi Open University, B101 Nguyen Hien, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 11615, Vietnam; Department for Scientific Research and International Cooperation, Hanoi Open University, B101 Nguyen Hien, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 11615, Vietnam 
First page
989
Publication year
2023
Publication date
2023
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20796382
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2829694788
Copyright
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.