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Contents
- Abstract
- MFT and the MFQ
- Cultural Roots of Moral Foundations
- Gaps in Theory and Measurement
- Overview of the Present Research
- Study 1a
- Method
- Participants and Procedure
- Measures
- MoFQ-2 Item Pool
- MFQ
- Political Ideology
- Religiosity
- Results and Discussion
- Study 1b
- Method
- Participants and Procedure
- Measures
- Results and Discussion
- Study 1c
- Method
- Participants and Procedure
- Measures
- Results and Discussion
- Study 2
- Method
- Participants and Procedure
- Measures
- Analytic Strategy
- Results and Discussion
- Exploratory Structural Equations Models
- Reliability of MFQ-2
- Measurement Invariance
- The Equality–Proportionality Link
- Cross-Societal Differences
- Gender Differences
- Religious Differences
- Ideological Differences
- Nomological Network of Foundations
- Study 3
- Method
- Participants and Procedure
- MFQ-2
- MFQ-1 (Graham et al., 2011)
- Schwartz Values Survey (Schwartz, 1992)
- Interpersonal Reactivity Index (M. H. Davis, 1983)
- Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (Levenson et al., 1995)
- Support for Redistribution Scale (Petersen et al., 2013)
- Social Dominance Orientation (Ho et al., 2015)
- Preference for the Merit Principle Scale (Davey et al., 1999)
- Belief in a Just World (Dalbert, 1999)
- Group Loyalty Scale (Beer & Watson, 2009)
- Individualism and Collectivism Scale (Triandis & Gelfand, 1998)
- Right-Wing Authoritarianism (Altemeyer, 2006)
- Disgust Scale–Revised (Olatunji et al., 2007)
- Duke University Religion Index (Koenig et al., 1997)
- Left-Wing Authoritarianism (Costello et al., 2022)
- Demographics
- Analytic Strategy
- Results
- Convergence With MFQ-1
- Nomological Network
- Predictive Power
- Incremental Validity
- General Discussion
- Moral Pluralism: Moral Systems as Networks
- Less-WEIRD Morality
- Differences (and Also Similarities) Across Cultures
- Equality and Proportionality as Distinct Paths to Understanding Fairness
- Nomological Network of Moral Foundations
- MFQ-2
- Limitations and Future Directions
- Conclusion
- Appendix A
Figures and Tables
Abstract
Moral foundations theory has been a generative framework in moral psychology in the last 2 decades. Here, we revisit the theory and develop a new measurement tool, the Moral Foundations Questionnaire–2 (MFQ-2), based on data from 25 populations. We demonstrate empirically that equality and proportionality are distinct moral foundations while retaining the other four existing foundations of...