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Public project execution in Uganda is guided by practices of government agencies run by public servants who are limited in Project Management (PM) knowledge, thus affecting delivery and leading to cost overruns, delays, and work quality. The problem explored was challenges to effective project implementation in Uganda related to macro challenges of misalignment of project governance and regulation (PG/R) with project implementation (PI) practices, silo work-mentality, and low project management (PM) maturity. The purpose of this qualitative exploratory study was to examine the perspectives and experiences of key stakeholders involved in project management in Uganda’s public service sector to determine how the three macro challenges can be addressed to ensure successful project implementation. The research question was about strategies to address these macro challenges that impede project delivery. The key features were macro challenges that are intended to address micro-challenges. The study focused on challenges at PG/R level and assumed PI was ideal. This qualitative exploratory study collected and analyzed qualitative data and mainly explored the problem to create ground for further research. The participants were project regulators who included (1) political leaders, (2) government technocrats, (3) executives of regulatory bodies, and project implementers who included (1) entity project management units, (2) professionals, and (3) contractors. Data were collected using interviews, audio-recorded files transcribed by otter.ai web-based software, but manually analyzed. The results indicated a need for legislation and capacity building for alignment, collaboration, promotion of PM while engaging mindset change. The PM practice gained new foundational knowledge for further studies and necessary legislative reforms.