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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

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Stress reactions were measured in students enrolled in Goldmann perimetry practice. Although there was no significant increase in the levels of stress-related substances, three types of stress reactions were observed. First, there was an increased sympathetic tone at the beginning of practice. Second, students with higher self-confidence showed higher cortisol concentrations immediately before practice. Third, students with longer test durations showed higher levels of ACTH secretion during practice.

Abstract

The stress reaction of trainees is an issue in the practices of medical-related examinations that involve real-time decision making based on the examiner–subject interactions. The Goldmann perimetry (GP) test is one of these examinations. To evaluate the students’ stress reactions in the practice of the GP test, the stress-related substances and heart rate variability were measured in forty students enrolled in the practice. While there was no significant increase in stress-related substances during the practice, significantly increased sympathetic activities were observed at the beginning of the tests. Moreover, the plasma cortisol measured before the tests showed a significant positive correlation to the students’ self-confidence scores, indicating the students, especially those with higher self-confidence scores, were anxious for upcoming tests with unfamiliar subjects. Once the tests began, they felt relieved in the procedures they had learned repeatedly. On the other hand, while the average plasma ACTH decreased significantly during the test, the ACTH secretion correlated positively to the test duration, indicating that the skillful participants had less stress during the test. In the medical-related practices, pre-training on how to deal with unfamiliar subjects may be helpful for reducing the stress of the trainees, in addition to the procedure itself.

Details

Title
Stress Responses of Examiners during Ophthalmic Examination Practices in Healthy Young Students
Author
Toda, Haruo 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ubukata, Hokuto 1 ; Kinoshita, Naohiko 2 ; Abe, Takuya 3 ; Morita, Kunie 3 

 Department of Orthoptics and Visual Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; [email protected] 
 Department of Health Informatics, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; [email protected] 
 Department of Clinical Engineering and Medical Technology, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; [email protected] (T.A.); [email protected] (K.M.) 
First page
10250
Publication year
2023
Publication date
2023
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20763417
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2869240853
Copyright
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.