Abstract
The fractions of non-prompt (i.e. originating from beauty-hadron decays) D0 and D+ mesons with respect to the inclusive yield are measured as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of = 13 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The results are reported in intervals of transverse momentum (pT) and integrated in the range 1 < pT< 24 GeV/c. The fraction of non-prompt D0 and D+ mesons is found to increase slightly as a function of pT in all the measured multiplicity intervals, while no significant dependence on the charged-particle multiplicity is observed. In order to investigate the production and hadronisation mechanisms of charm and beauty quarks, the results are compared to PYTHIA 8 as well as EPOS 3 and EPOS 4 Monte Carlo simulations, and to calculations based on the colour glass condensate including three-pomeron fusion.
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1 Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France (ROR: https://ror.org/01a8ajp46) (GRID: grid.494717.8) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2173 2882)
2 Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic (ROR: https://ror.org/04jymbd90) (GRID: grid.425110.3) (ISNI: 0000 0000 8965 6073)
3 Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/04cvxnb49) (GRID: grid.7839.5) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 9721)
4 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (ROR: https://ror.org/01ggx4157) (GRID: grid.9132.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2156 142X)
5 Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01vj6ck58) (GRID: grid.470222.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 7471 9712)
6 INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/04j0x0h93) (GRID: grid.470193.8) (ISNI: 0000 0004 8343 7610)
7 Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India (ROR: https://ror.org/02bv3zr67) (GRID: grid.450257.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1775 9822)
8 Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India (ROR: https://ror.org/03kw9gc02) (GRID: grid.411340.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 0765)
9 Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/01k4yrm29) (GRID: grid.249964.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0523 5253)
10 Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic (ROR: https://ror.org/039965637) (GRID: grid.11175.33) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0576 0391)
11 Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/02k8cbn47) (GRID: grid.159791.2) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9127 4365)
12 INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01vj6ck58) (GRID: grid.470222.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 7471 9712)
13 Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China (ROR: https://ror.org/03x1jna21) (GRID: grid.411407.7) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1760 2614)
14 Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico (ROR: https://ror.org/01tmp8f25) (GRID: grid.9486.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2159 0001)
15 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01111rn36) (GRID: grid.6292.f) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1757 1758)
16 University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/048sx0r50) (GRID: grid.266436.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1569 9707)
17 Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (ROR: https://ror.org/03zga2b32) (GRID: grid.7914.b) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 7443)
18 INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/03paz5966) (GRID: grid.470195.e)
19 Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/04cvxnb49) (GRID: grid.7839.5) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 9721)
20 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania (ROR: https://ror.org/00d3pnh21) (GRID: grid.443874.8) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9463 5349)
21 Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Münster, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/00pd74e08) (GRID: grid.5949.1) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2172 9288)
22 Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/038t36y30) (GRID: grid.7700.0) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2190 4373)
23 INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/00z34yn88) (GRID: grid.470212.2)
24 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/02jbv0t02) (GRID: grid.184769.5) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2231 4551)
25 SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France (ROR: https://ror.org/01kxesq83) (GRID: grid.463940.c) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0475 7658)
26 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France (ROR: https://ror.org/03f0apy98) (GRID: grid.472561.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2295 5578)
27 Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil (ROR: https://ror.org/036rp1748) (GRID: grid.11899.38) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 0722)
28 Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (ROR: https://ror.org/01xtthb56) (GRID: grid.5510.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 8921)
29 Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/03v76x132) (GRID: grid.47100.32) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 8710)
30 INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/02pq29p90) (GRID: grid.470198.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1755 400X)
31 Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/04q78tk20) (GRID: grid.264381.a) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2181 989X)
32 Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/0461cvh40) (GRID: grid.411733.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0532 811X)
33 University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (ROR: https://ror.org/04c4dkn09) (GRID: grid.59053.3a) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2167 9639)
34 Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India (ROR: https://ror.org/01hhf7w52) (GRID: grid.450280.b) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1769 7721)
35 Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d’Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
36 AGH University of Krakow, Cracow, Poland (ROR: https://ror.org/00bas1c41) (GRID: grid.9922.0) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9174 1488)
37 Bose Institute, Department of Physics and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India (ROR: https://ror.org/01a5mqy88) (GRID: grid.418423.8) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1768 2239)
38 Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India (ROR: https://ror.org/02retg991) (GRID: grid.412986.0) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0705 4560)
39 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/03a64bh57) (GRID: grid.8158.4) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1757 1969)
40 Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin’ and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/027ynra39) (GRID: grid.7644.1) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0120 3326)
41 Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/02kkvpp62) (GRID: grid.6936.a) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2322 2966)
42 National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece (ROR: https://ror.org/04gnjpq42) (GRID: grid.5216.0) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2155 0800)
43 Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary (ROR: https://ror.org/035dsb084) (GRID: grid.419766.b) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1759 8344)
44 Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom (ROR: https://ror.org/0089bg420) (GRID: grid.482271.a) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0727 2226)
45 University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (ROR: https://ror.org/04xs57h96) (GRID: grid.10025.36) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 8470)
46 Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden (ROR: https://ror.org/012a77v79) (GRID: grid.4514.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0930 2361)
47 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India (ROR: https://ror.org/02qyf5152) (GRID: grid.417971.d) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2198 7527)
48 Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru (ROR: https://ror.org/00013q465) (GRID: grid.440592.e) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2288 3308)
49 Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (ROR: https://ror.org/035b05819) (GRID: grid.5254.6) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0674 042X)
50 Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France (ROR: https://ror.org/00pg6eq24) (GRID: grid.11843.3f) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2157 9291)
51 Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/048tbm396) (GRID: grid.7605.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2336 6580)
52 Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania (ROR: https://ror.org/054a6wv56) (GRID: grid.450283.8) (ISNI: 0000 0004 6041 693X)
53 Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India (ROR: https://ror.org/01ppj9r51) (GRID: grid.411779.d) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2109 4622)
54 INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/049jf1a25) (GRID: grid.463190.9) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0648 0236)
55 Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (ROR: https://ror.org/03kqpb082) (GRID: grid.6652.7) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2173 8213)
56 The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland (ROR: https://ror.org/01n78t774) (GRID: grid.418860.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0942 8941)
57 The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/00hj54h04) (GRID: grid.89336.37) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 9924)
58 Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/04cvxnb49) (GRID: grid.7839.5) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 9721)
59 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/00s6t1f81) (GRID: grid.8982.b) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1762 5736); INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01st30669) (GRID: grid.470213.3)
60 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/01qz5mb56) (GRID: grid.135519.a) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0446 2659)
61 Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/03paz5966) (GRID: grid.470195.e)
62 Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/01easw929) (GRID: grid.202119.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2364 8385)
63 Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/02q2d2610) (GRID: grid.7637.5) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1757 1846); INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01st30669) (GRID: grid.470213.3)
64 Politecnico di Bari and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/03c44v465) (GRID: grid.4466.0) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0578 5482); Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin’ and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/027ynra39) (GRID: grid.7644.1) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0120 3326)
65 Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/02n742c10) (GRID: grid.5133.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 1941 4308)
66 Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria (ROR: https://ror.org/05kdjqf72) (GRID: grid.475784.d) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9532 5705)
67 iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa (ROR: https://ror.org/05s0g1g46) (GRID: grid.425534.1) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9399 6812); University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa (ROR: https://ror.org/03rp50x72) (GRID: grid.11951.3d) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 1135)
68 Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico (ROR: https://ror.org/05g1mh260) (GRID: grid.412863.a) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2192 9271)
69 University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania (ROR: https://ror.org/0558j5q12) (GRID: grid.4551.5) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2109 901X)
70 Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France (ROR: https://ror.org/01rk35k63) (GRID: grid.25697.3f) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2172 4233)
71 High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico (ROR: https://ror.org/03p2z7827) (GRID: grid.411659.e) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2112 2750)
72 Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/02k8cbn47) (GRID: grid.159791.2) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9127 4365); Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China (ROR: https://ror.org/03x1jna21) (GRID: grid.411407.7) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1760 2614)
73 Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil (ROR: https://ror.org/04wffgt70) (GRID: grid.411087.b) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0723 2494)
74 Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/02kkvpp62) (GRID: grid.6936.a) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2322 2966); Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/0079jjr10) (GRID: grid.435824.c) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2375 0603)
75 Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands (ROR: https://ror.org/00f9tz983) (GRID: grid.420012.5) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0646 2193)
76 University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (ROR: https://ror.org/02956yf07) (GRID: grid.20515.33) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2369 4728)
77 INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/04j0x0h93) (GRID: grid.470193.8) (ISNI: 0000 0004 8343 7610); Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Bologna, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/02an8es95) (GRID: grid.5196.b) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9864 2490)
78 INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/022hq6c49) (GRID: grid.470190.b)
79 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (ROR: https://ror.org/03angcq70) (GRID: grid.6572.6) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 7486)
80 INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01vj6ck58) (GRID: grid.470222.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 7471 9712); Dipartimento DET del Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/00bgk9508) (GRID: grid.4800.c) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 0343)
81 Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France (ROR: https://ror.org/03gc1p724) (GRID: grid.508754.b)
82 Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/04387x656) (GRID: grid.16563.37) (ISNI: 0000000121663741); INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01vj6ck58) (GRID: grid.470222.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 7471 9712)
83 Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil (ROR: https://ror.org/028kg9j04) (GRID: grid.412368.a) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0643 8839)
84 National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India (ROR: https://ror.org/02bv3zr67) (GRID: grid.450257.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1775 9822)
85 Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell’Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/015kcdd40) (GRID: grid.470211.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 8343 7696)
86 Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/02q2d2610) (GRID: grid.7637.5) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1757 1846)
87 Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland (ROR: https://ror.org/00y0xnp53) (GRID: grid.1035.7) (ISNI: 0000000099214842)
88 Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/01an7q238) (GRID: grid.47840.3f) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2181 7878)
89 Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba (ROR: https://ror.org/05t797721) (GRID: grid.450274.0) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0498 8482)
90 University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (ROR: https://ror.org/03p74gp79) (GRID: grid.7836.a) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 1151)
91 Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India (ROR: https://ror.org/04p2sbk06) (GRID: grid.261674.0) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2174 5640)
92 Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic (ROR: https://ror.org/05xm08015) (GRID: grid.6903.c) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2235 0982)
93 Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (ROR: https://ror.org/0587ef340) (GRID: grid.7634.6) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0940 9708)
94 Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia (ROR: https://ror.org/00mv6sv71) (GRID: grid.4808.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0657 4636)
95 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/00240q980) (GRID: grid.5608.b) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1757 3470)
96 iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa (ROR: https://ror.org/05s0g1g46) (GRID: grid.425534.1) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9399 6812)
97 INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/05j3snm48) (GRID: grid.470223.0) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1760 7175)
98 Saga University, Saga, Japan (ROR: https://ror.org/04f4wg107) (GRID: grid.412339.e) (ISNI: 0000 0001 1172 4459)
99 Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/05ekwbr88) (GRID: grid.254130.1) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2222 4636)
100 University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/001tmjg57) (GRID: grid.266515.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2106 0692)
101 Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil (ROR: https://ror.org/041yk2d64) (GRID: grid.8532.c) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2200 7498)
102 INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/04j0x0h93) (GRID: grid.470193.8) (ISNI: 0000 0004 8343 7610); Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01111rn36) (GRID: grid.6292.f) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1757 1758)
103 Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/02k8cbn47) (GRID: grid.159791.2) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9127 4365); INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01vj6ck58) (GRID: grid.470222.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 7471 9712)
104 University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/020f3ap87) (GRID: grid.411461.7) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2315 1184)
105 Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan (ROR: https://ror.org/051smb947) (GRID: grid.444367.6) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9853 5396)
106 Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/01070mq45) (GRID: grid.254444.7) (ISNI: 0000 0001 1456 7807)
107 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia (ROR: https://ror.org/00m31ft63) (GRID: grid.38603.3e) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0644 1675)
108 Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands (ROR: https://ror.org/04pp8hn57) (GRID: grid.5477.1) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9637 0671)
109 A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia (ROR: https://ror.org/00ad27c73) (GRID: grid.48507.3e) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0482 7128)
110 University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (ROR: https://ror.org/057zh3y96) (GRID: grid.26999.3d) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2169 1048)
111 Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/01wjejq96) (GRID: grid.15444.30) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0470 5454)
112 Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/041nas322) (GRID: grid.10388.32) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2240 3300)
113 Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway (ROR: https://ror.org/05phns765) (GRID: grid.477239.c)
114 Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico (ROR: https://ror.org/009eqmr18) (GRID: grid.512574.0)
115 University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland (ROR: https://ror.org/05n3dz165) (GRID: grid.9681.6) (ISNI: 0000 0001 1013 7965)
116 Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/00rs6vg23) (GRID: grid.261331.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2285 7943)
117 COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan (ROR: https://ror.org/00nqqvk19) (GRID: grid.418920.6) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0607 0704)
118 Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India (ROR: https://ror.org/02bv3zr67) (GRID: grid.450257.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1775 9822)
119 National Research and Innovation Agency — BRIN, Jakarta, Indonesia (ROR: https://ror.org/02hmjzt55)
120 China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China (ROR: https://ror.org/00v5gqm66) (GRID: grid.410655.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0157 8259)
121 Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico (ROR: https://ror.org/01tmp8f25) (GRID: grid.9486.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2159 0001)
122 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (ROR: https://ror.org/01ggx4157) (GRID: grid.9132.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2156 142X); Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/02k8cbn47) (GRID: grid.159791.2) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9127 4365)
123 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (ROR: https://ror.org/01ggx4157) (GRID: grid.9132.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2156 142X); Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland (ROR: https://ror.org/00y0xnp53) (GRID: grid.1035.7) (ISNI: 0000000099214842)
124 Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (ROR: https://ror.org/05sgb8g78) (GRID: grid.6357.7) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0739 3220)
125 Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic (ROR: https://ror.org/03h7qq074) (GRID: grid.419303.c) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2180 9405)
126 KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey (ROR: https://ror.org/054341q84) (GRID: grid.440457.6) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0471 9645)
127 Zentrum für Technologie und Transfer (ZTT), Worms, Germany
128 University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/001tmjg57) (GRID: grid.266515.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2106 0692); Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India (ROR: https://ror.org/03kw9gc02) (GRID: grid.411340.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 0765)
129 Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/01an57a31) (GRID: grid.262229.f) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0719 8572)
130 Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/05q92br09) (GRID: grid.411545.0) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0470 4320)
131 Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/00aft1q37) (GRID: grid.263333.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0727 6358)
132 Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan (ROR: https://ror.org/03t78wx29) (GRID: grid.257022.0) (ISNI: 0000 0000 8711 3200)
133 California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/001gpfp45) (GRID: grid.253547.2) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2222 461X)
134 Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria (ROR: https://ror.org/02jv3k292) (GRID: grid.11355.33) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2192 3275)
135 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (ROR: https://ror.org/01ggx4157) (GRID: grid.9132.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2156 142X); Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/04cvxnb49) (GRID: grid.7839.5) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 9721)
136 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (ROR: https://ror.org/03angcq70) (GRID: grid.6572.6) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 7486); Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic (ROR: https://ror.org/03h7qq074) (GRID: grid.419303.c) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2180 9405)
137 National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland (ROR: https://ror.org/00nzsxq20) (GRID: grid.450295.f) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0941 0848)
138 University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway (ROR: https://ror.org/05ecg5h20) (GRID: grid.463530.7) (ISNI: 0000 0004 7417 509X)
139 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (ROR: https://ror.org/01ggx4157) (GRID: grid.9132.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2156 142X); Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/02kkvpp62) (GRID: grid.6936.a) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2322 2966)
140 Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/02k8cbn47) (GRID: grid.159791.2) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9127 4365); University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (ROR: https://ror.org/04c4dkn09) (GRID: grid.59053.3a) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2167 9639)
141 Fudan University, Shanghai, China (ROR: https://ror.org/013q1eq08) (GRID: grid.8547.e) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0125 2443)
142 Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/05ctdxz19) (GRID: grid.10438.3e) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2178 8421); INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/02pq29p90) (GRID: grid.470198.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1755 400X)
143 Università degli Studi di Foggia, Foggia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01xtv3204) (GRID: grid.10796.39) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2104 9995); INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/022hq6c49) (GRID: grid.470190.b)
144 University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa (ROR: https://ror.org/03rp50x72) (GRID: grid.11951.3d) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 1135)
145 Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland (ROR: https://ror.org/01x2x1522) (GRID: grid.470106.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 1106 2387)
146 Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria (ROR: https://ror.org/05kdjqf72) (GRID: grid.475784.d) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9532 5705); Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell’Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/015kcdd40) (GRID: grid.470211.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 8343 7696)
147 University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (ROR: https://ror.org/03p74gp79) (GRID: grid.7836.a) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 1151); iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa (ROR: https://ror.org/05s0g1g46) (GRID: grid.425534.1) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9399 6812)
148 Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India (ROR: https://ror.org/03kw9gc02) (GRID: grid.411340.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 0765); Department of Applied Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India (ROR: https://ror.org/03kw9gc02) (GRID: grid.411340.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1937 0765)
149 Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/00aft1q37) (GRID: grid.263333.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0727 6358); Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden (ROR: https://ror.org/012a77v79) (GRID: grid.4514.4) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0930 2361)
150 Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (ROR: https://ror.org/02wnxgj78) (GRID: grid.254229.a) (ISNI: 0000 0000 9611 0917)
151 China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China (ROR: https://ror.org/04q6c7p66) (GRID: grid.162107.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2156 409X); Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China (ROR: https://ror.org/03x1jna21) (GRID: grid.411407.7) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1760 2614)
152 SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France (ROR: https://ror.org/01kxesq83) (GRID: grid.463940.c) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0475 7658); Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil (ROR: https://ror.org/041yk2d64) (GRID: grid.8532.c) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2200 7498)
153 INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/04j0x0h93) (GRID: grid.470193.8) (ISNI: 0000 0004 8343 7610); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (ROR: https://ror.org/01ggx4157) (GRID: grid.9132.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2156 142X)
154 Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/05wf30g94) (GRID: grid.254748.8) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1936 8876)
155 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/01qz5mb56) (GRID: grid.135519.a) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0446 2659); University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States (ROR: https://ror.org/020f3ap87) (GRID: grid.411461.7) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2315 1184)
156 National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland (ROR: https://ror.org/00nzsxq20) (GRID: grid.450295.f) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0941 0848); Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland (ROR: https://ror.org/00yae6e25) (GRID: grid.8505.8) (ISNI: 0000 0001 1010 5103)
157 National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan (ROR: https://ror.org/03g11f026) (GRID: grid.510990.4)
158 Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India (ROR: https://ror.org/02bv3zr67) (GRID: grid.450257.1) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1775 9822)
159 Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (ROR: https://ror.org/03a1kwz48) (GRID: grid.10392.39) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2190 1447)
160 Nara Women’s University (NWU), Nara, Japan (ROR: https://ror.org/05kzadn81) (GRID: grid.174568.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0059 3836)
161 Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France (ROR: https://ror.org/01a8ajp46) (GRID: grid.494717.8) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2173 2882); Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China (ROR: https://ror.org/03x1jna21) (GRID: grid.411407.7) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1760 2614)
162 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland (ROR: https://ror.org/01ggx4157) (GRID: grid.9132.9) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2156 142X); Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/05ctdxz19) (GRID: grid.10438.3e) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2178 8421); INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/02pq29p90) (GRID: grid.470198.3) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1755 400X)
163 Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine (ROR: https://ror.org/00je4t102) (GRID: grid.418751.e) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0385 8977)
164 INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/01st30669) (GRID: grid.470213.3); Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/02q2d2610) (GRID: grid.7637.5) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1757 1846)
165 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy (ROR: https://ror.org/00s6t1f81) (GRID: grid.8982.b) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1762 5736)
166 Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic (ROR: https://ror.org/02yhj4v17) (GRID: grid.424881.3) (ISNI: 0000 0001 2167 976X)




