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Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to compare dental implant placement accuracy of three surgical guide fabrication methods: single (SCT) and double computed tomography (DCT), and a newly developed modified SCT (MSCT) scan method.
Methods
A total of 183 cases (183 surgical guides, and 485 implants) of static-guide-assisted implant placement surgery using the SCT, DCT, or MSCT methods in a dental clinic were included in the study. Three-dimensional (3D) deviations (mm) at the entry and tip of the implant body between preoperative simulation and actual placement were measured as surrogate endpoints of implant placement accuracy. The following survey details were collected from medical records and CT data: sex, age at implant placement surgery, surgical guide fabrication method, number of remaining teeth, implant length, implant location, alveolar bone quality, and bone surface inclination at implant placement site in preoperative simulation, etc. Risk factors for reducing implant placement accuracy were investigated using generalized estimating equations.
Results
The SCT and DCT methods (odds ratios [ORs] vs. MSCT method: 1.438, 1.178, respectively), posterior location (OR: 1.114), bone surface buccolingual inclination (OR: 0.997), and age at implant placement surgery (OR: 0.995) were significant risk factors for larger 3D deviation at the entry; the SCT (OR: 1.361) and DCT methods (OR: 1.418), posterior location (OR: 1.190), implant length (OR: 1.051), and age at implant placement surgery (OR: 0.995) were significant risk factors for larger 3D deviation at the tip of the implant body.
Conclusions
Implant placement accuracy was better using the MSCT method compared to the SCT and DCT methods.
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Details

1 Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama, Japan (GRID:grid.261356.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1302 4472)
2 Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama, Japan (GRID:grid.261356.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1302 4472); Osaka Dental University, Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka, Japan (GRID:grid.412378.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 1088 0812)
3 Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama, Japan (GRID:grid.261356.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1302 4472); Okayama University Hospital, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama, Japan (GRID:grid.412342.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0631 9477)
4 Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama, Japan (GRID:grid.261356.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1302 4472); Hyogo Medical University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nishinomiya, Japan (GRID:grid.272264.7) (ISNI:0000 0000 9142 153X)
5 Osaka Dental University, Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka, Japan (GRID:grid.412378.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 1088 0812)