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Abstract
Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy requires early diagnosis and complication avoidance. Unfortunately, current diagnostic markers do not meet these needs. Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) offers a solution for clinical diagnosis, providing reliable and precise sample quantification. This study utilized DIA-MS to investigate proteomic differential expression in the serum of recently diagnosed T2DM patients. The study conducted a comparative protein expression analysis between healthy and recently diagnosed T2DM groups (discovery cohort). A candidate protein was then validated using enzyme-linked immune assay (ELISA) on serum samples collected from T2DM patients (n = 87) and healthy control (n = 60) (validation cohort). A total of 1074 proteins were identified, and 90 were significantly dysregulated between the two groups, including 32 newly associated with T2DM. Among these proteins, the expression of S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (S100A6) was validated by ELISA. It showed a significant increase in T2DM samples compared to the control group. It was evaluated as a biomarker using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, consistent with the DIA-MS results. Novel proteins are reported to be involved in the development and progression of T2DM. Further studies are required to investigate the differential expression of candidate marker proteins in a larger population of T2DM patients.
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Details
1 Jordan University of Science and Technology, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Irbid, Jordan (GRID:grid.37553.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 0097 5797)
2 Jordan University of Science and Technology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Irbid, Jordan (GRID:grid.37553.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 0097 5797); Arabian Gulf University, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Manama, Bahrain (GRID:grid.411424.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0440 9653)
3 King Saud University, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.56302.32) (ISNI:0000 0004 1773 5396); University Diabetes Center, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.56302.32) (ISNI:0000 0004 1773 5396)
4 Memorial University of Newfoundland, Department of Chemistry, St. John’s, Canada (GRID:grid.25055.37) (ISNI:0000 0000 9130 6822)