Abstract
The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical tumor invasion and metastasis process. EMT enables tumor cells to migrate, detach from their original location, enter the circulation, circulate within it, and eventually exit from blood arteries to colonize in foreign sites, leading to the development of overt metastases, ultimately resulting in death. EMT is intimately tied to stromal cells around the tumor and is controlled by a range of cytokines secreted by stromal cells. This review summarizes recent research on stromal cell-mediated EMT in tumor invasion and metastasis. We also discuss the effects of various stromal cells on EMT induction and focus on the molecular mechanisms by which several significant stromal cells convert from foes to friends of cancer cells to fuel EMT processes via their secretions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). As a result, a better knowledge of the role of stromal cells in cancer cells’ EMT may pave the path to cancer eradication.
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1 University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, China (GRID:grid.412017.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 0266 8918); University of South China, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.412017.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 0266 8918)
2 University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, Hengyang, China (GRID:grid.412017.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 0266 8918); University of South China, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China (GRID:grid.412017.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 0266 8918); University of South China, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang, China (GRID:grid.412017.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 0266 8918)
3 Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China (GRID:grid.410643.4)