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Abstract
Although diabetes and cardiovascular disease account for substantial disease prevalence among adults in the United States, their prevalence among racial and ethnic subgroups is inadequately characterized. To fill this gap, CDC described the prevalence of diagnosed cardiometabolic diseases among U.S. adults, by disaggregated racial and ethnic subgroups, among 3,970,904 respondents to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System during 2013–2021. Prevalence of each disease (diabetes, myocardial infarction, angina or coronary heart disease, and stroke), stratified by race and ethnicity, was based on self-reported diagnosis by a health care professional, adjusting for age, sex, and survey year. Overall, mean respondent age was 47.5 years, and 51.4% of respondents were women. Prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases among disaggregated race and ethnicity subgroups varied considerably. For example, diabetes prevalence within the aggregated non-Hispanic Asian category (11.5%) ranged from 6.3% in the Vietnamese subgroup to 15.2% in the Filipino subgroup. Prevalence of angina or coronary heart disease for the aggregated Hispanic or Latino category (3.8%) ranged from 3.1% in the Cuban subgroup to 6.3% in the Puerto Rican subgroup. Disaggregation of cardiometabolic disease prevalence data by race and ethnicity identified health disparities among subgroups that can be used to better help guide prevention programs and develop culturally relevant interventions.
Introduction
Cardiometabolic diseases affect a substantial proportion of adults in the United States, including approximately 11% who have diagnosed diabetes,* and 10% who have diagnosed cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease, heart failure, or stroke) (1). Few recent studies have provided estimates of the prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases in disaggregated racial and ethnic subgroups in large nationwide samples (2,3). Documentation of racial and ethnic disparities in cardiometabolic diseases is typically aggregated because sample sizes are insufficient or because racial and ethnic subgroup data were not collected. These limitations can obscure differences in disease prevalence among disaggregated subgroups that might result from differences in social determinants of health and other drivers of health inequities.
Although racial and ethnic disparities in cardiometabolic disease prevalence have been documented,†,§,¶ a disaggregated analysis of racial and ethnic groups might better characterize unique patterns of disease prevalence that can more effectively guide prevention and treatment strategies in disaggregated racial and ethnic subgroups at higher risk. To...