Abstract

Summary Background

Stepwise intensification of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is routine for severe eosinophilic asthma, despite some poor responses to high-dose ICS. Dose reductions are recommended in patients responding to biologics, but little supporting safety evidence exists.

Methods

SHAMAL was a phase 4, randomised, open-label, active-controlled study done at 22 study sites in four countries. Eligible participants were adults (aged ≥18 years) with severe eosinophilic asthma and a five-item Asthma Control Questionnaire score below 1·5 and who received at least three consecutive doses of benralizumab before screening. We randomly assigned patients (3:1) to taper their high-dose ICS to a medium-dose, low-dose, and as-needed dose (reduction group) or continue (reference group) their ICS–formoterol therapy for 32 weeks, followed by a 16-week maintenance period. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients reducing their ICS–formoterol dose by week 32. The primary outcome was assessed in the reduction group, and safety analyses included all randomly assigned patients receiving study treatment. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04159519.

Findings

Between Nov 12, 2019, and Feb 16, 2023, we screened and enrolled in the run-in period 208 patients. We randomly assigned 168 (81%) to the reduction (n=125 [74%]) and reference arms (n=43 [26%]). Overall, 110 (92%) patients reduced their ICS–formoterol dose: 18 (15%) to medium-dose, 20 (17%) to low-dose, and 72 (61%) to as-needed only. In 113 (96%) patients, week-32 doses were maintained to week 48; 114 (91%) of patients in the reduction group had zero exacerbations during tapering. Rates of adverse events were similar between groups. 91 (73%) patients had adverse events in the reduction group and 35 (83%) in the reference group. 17 patients had serious adverse events in the study: 12 (10%) in the reduction group and five (12%) in the reference group. No deaths occurred during the study.

Interpretation

These findings show that patients controlled on benralizumab can have meaningful reductions in ICS therapy while maintaining asthma control.

Funding

AstraZeneca.

Details

Title
Reduction of daily maintenance inhaled corticosteroids in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma treated with benralizumab (SHAMAL): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 4 study
Author
Jackson, David J 1 ; Heaney, Liam G 2 ; Humbert, Marc 3 ; Kent, Brian D 4 ; Shavit, Anat 5 ; Hiljemark, Lina 6 ; Olinger, Lynda 7 ; Cohen, David 8 ; Menzies-Gow, Andrew 5 ; Korn, Stephanie 9 ; Kroegel, Claus; Caruso, Cristiano; Baglivo, Ilaria; Colantuono, Stefania; Jackson, David; Skowasch, Dirk; Fabiano Di Marco; Couturaud, Francis; Käßner, Frank; Cwiek, Iwona; Teber, Markus; Knetsch, Kornelia; Preuß, Jasmin; Devouassoux, Gilles; Milger-Kneidinger, Katrin; Heaney, Liam; Jerrentrup, Lukas; Jandl, Margret; Timmermann, Hartmut; Probst, Beatrice; D'Amato, Maria; Hoffmann, Martin; Bonniaud, Philippe; Beltramo, Guillaume; Pierre-Olivier Girodet; Berger, Patrick; Shuaib Nasser; Fry, Stéphanie; Aries, Sven Philip; Koehler, Thomas; Harrison, Timothy

 School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK 
 Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK 
 Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France 
 St James's Hospital, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland 
 BioPharmaceuticals Medical, Respiratory and Immunology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK 
 Evidence Delivery, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden 
 Late-Stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK; Cytel, Waltham, MA, USA 
 BioPharmaceuticals Medical, Respiratory and Immunology, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA 
 Thoraxklinik Heidelberg, Germany, IKF Pneumologie, Mainz, Germany 
Pages
271-281
Section
Articles
Publication year
2024
Publication date
Jan 20, 2024
Publisher
Elsevier Limited
ISSN
01406736
e-ISSN
1474547X
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2919779544
Copyright
© 2024. The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (theLicense”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.