Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated countermeasures had an immensely disruptive impact on people’s lives. Due to the lack of systematic pre-pandemic data, however, it is still unclear how individuals’ psychological health has been affected across this incisive event. In this study, we analyze longitudinal data from two healthy samples (N = 307) to provide quasi-longitudinal insight into the full trajectory of psychological burden before (baseline), during the first peak, and at a relative downturn of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our data indicated a medium rise in psychological strain from baseline to the first peak of the pandemic (d = 0.40). Surprisingly, this was overcompensated by a large decrease of perceived burden until downturn (d =  − 0.93), resulting in a positive overall effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health (d = 0.44). Accounting for this paradoxical positive effect, our results reveal that the post-pandemic increase in mental health is driven by individuals that were already facing psychological challenges before the pandemic. These findings suggest that coping with acute challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic can stabilize previously impaired mental health through reframing processes.

Details

Title
Mental health improvement after the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals with psychological distress
Author
Reutter, Mario 1 ; Hutterer, Katharina 2 ; Gründahl, Marthe 3 ; Gall, Dominik 1 ; Dannlowski, Udo 4 ; Domschke, Katharina 5 ; Leehr, Elisabeth J. 4 ; Lonsdorf, Tina B. 6 ; Lueken, Ulrike 7 ; Reif, Andreas 8 ; Schiele, Miriam A. 9 ; Zwanzger, Peter 10 ; Pauli, Paul 1 ; Hein, Grit 3 ; Gamer, Matthias 1 

 Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Department of Psychology I, Würzburg, Germany (GRID:grid.8379.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1958 8658) 
 University of Würzburg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Clinical Anxiety Research, Center of Mental Health, Würzburg, Germany (GRID:grid.8379.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1958 8658) 
 University of Würzburg, Translational Social Neuroscience Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, Würzburg, Germany (GRID:grid.8379.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 1958 8658) 
 University of Münster, Institute for Translational Psychiatry, Münster, Germany (GRID:grid.5949.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2172 9288) 
 University of Freiburg, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (GRID:grid.5963.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 0491 7203); Partner Site Berlin/Potsdam, German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Berlin, Germany (GRID:grid.5963.9) 
 University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Hamburg, Germany (GRID:grid.13648.38) (ISNI:0000 0001 2180 3484); University of Bielefeld, Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Bielefeld, Germany (GRID:grid.7491.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0944 9128) 
 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychology, Berlin, Germany (GRID:grid.7468.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 2248 7639); Partner Site Berlin/Potsdam, German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Berlin, Germany (GRID:grid.7468.d) 
 Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (GRID:grid.7839.5) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9721); Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany (GRID:grid.510864.e) 
 University of Freiburg, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (GRID:grid.5963.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 0491 7203) 
10  Clinical Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Geriatrics and Neurology, kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Wasserburg/Inn, Germany (GRID:grid.500083.e); Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Department of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany (GRID:grid.5252.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 973X) 
Pages
5685
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2941976891
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.