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Abstract
The ever-growing demand for miniaturized optical systems presents a significant challenge in revolutionizing their core element – the varifocal lens. Recent advancements in ultra-thin, tunable metasurface optics have introduced new approaches to achieving zoom imaging. However, current varifocal metalens have faced challenges such as low focusing efficiency, limited tunability, and complicated designs. Here, we employ the high-contrast transmit arrays (HCTA) structures to design and fabricate a polarization-independent, single-layer flexible metalens that operates at a wavelength of 940 nm. Using a uniform stretching system, we characterized its optical performance to achieve over 60 % focusing efficiency within a 0 %–25 % stretch range, while the focal length changes align with theoretical predictions. Furthermore, our research also successfully demonstrated the capacity of a metalens with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.5 to efficiently adjust imaging magnification within a 2× range, achieving imaging results that approach the diffraction limit. This research offers promising prospects for the practical use of compact and miniaturized optoelectronic devices in fields like photography, mixed reality, microscopy, and biomedical imaging.
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Details
1 State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Electronics and Smart System of Zhejiang Province College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Electronics and Smart System of Zhejiang Province College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
3 Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
4 State Key Laboratory for Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Intelligent Optics and Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, ZJU–Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
5 Najing Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310027, China