Self-actualization in representative works of Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach

Abstract

This thesis presents a new evaluation of Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach's figure conception by examining the theme of self-actualization in representative works of the author. The theme is defined first according to its psychological and social properties, and second, according to its established tradition in Western literature. Employing selected works of Ebner-Eschenbach in which the theme appears prominently, the figure conception proves to be a key indicator of the author's highly critical world view. A large percentage of figures are engaged in a process of development. Few realize the goal of self-perfection. The traits inherited by birth and the pressure exerted upon the individual from the family and society prohibit a broad range of individuals, from the peasant to the aristocrat, from achieving the desired balance between personal needs and outside expectations. While the author expresses optimism that every individual possesses great potential, she clearly emphasizes the danger posed to this innate ability by social forces beyond individual control. The narratives confirm that unless dominant forces are kept in check, the welfare and further existence of mankind, especially of women and children, is in danger. The analysis of the author's subtle yet powerful social commentary is a neglected aspect of her works and one which should be considered in the future.