Etudes quantitatives et fonctionnelles sur l'incorporation des molecules cellulaires HLA-Dr et ICAM-1 dans l'enveloppe du VIH-1

Abstract

Nous avons etudie l'incorporation des molecules de l'hote dans l'enveloppe du VIH-1. Dans un premier temps, nous avons mis au point un systeme semi-quantitatif de mesure des molecules cellulaires incorporees dans l'enveloppe virale. Ce systeme nous a permis de determiner que l'incorporation de la molecule HLA-DR depend de plusieurs facteurs, aussi bien cellulaires que viraux. Nous avons aussi etudie les consequences de la presence de ces molecules dans l'enveloppe virale. Grace a la mise au point d'un systeme de transfection permettant d'etudier l'effet du changement d'une seule molecule a la fois, nous avons pu demontrer que l'incorporation des molecules HLA-DR et ICAM-1 resulte en une augmentation substantielle de l'infectivite du virus. Dans l'ensemble, ces etudes nous ont permis de mieux situer le role des molecules d'adhesion dans le cycle replicatif viral.

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We studied the incorporation of host molecules into the HIV-1 envelope. Firstly, we developed a semi-quantitative system for measuring cellular molecules incorporated into the viral envelope. This system allowed us to determine that the incorporation of the HLA-DR molecule depends on several factors, both cellular and viral. We also studied the consequences of the presence of these molecules in the viral envelope. Thanks to the development of a transfection system allowing us to study the effect of changing a single molecule at a time, we were able to demonstrate that the incorporation of the HLA-DR and ICAM-1 molecules results in a substantial increase in virus infectivity. Overall, these studies allowed us to better situate the role of adhesion molecules in the viral replicative cycle.