"Le souffle empoisonne de la civilisation". Les epidemies en Huronie, 1634-1650

Abstract

Ce memoire est une etude ethnohistorique des epidemies en Huronie entre 1634 et 1640. Base sur une approche globale, il s'efforce de reconstituer les multiples dimensions de ce phenomene, de demontrer l'importance de ses effets dans plusieurs secteurs de la vie de la population locale et de comprendre les reactions amerindiennes qui en resulterent. Les epidemies furent un fleau hors du commun aux consquences nefastes sur le devenir de la nation, puisqu'elles terrasserent plus de 50% de la population. Ces maladies, transportees d'Europe en Amerique et inconnues des Amerindiens, s'inscrivent dans un processus d'unification microbienne du monde et sont la consequence directe des nombreux contacts qui eurent lieu entre les deux groupes.

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This thesis is an ethnohistorical study of epidemics in Huronia between 1634 and 1640. Based on a global approach, it endeavors to reconstruct the multiple dimensions of this phenomenon, to demonstrate the importance of its effects in several sectors of the life of the local population and to understand the resulting Amerindian reactions. Epidemics were an extraordinary scourge with harmful consequences on the future of the nation, since they killed more than 50% of the population. These diseases, transported from Europe to America and unknown to Amerindians, are part of a process of microbial unification of the world and are the direct consequence of the many contacts that took place between the two groups.