Hermandad y otredad. Representación de la figura de Caín en la literatura española medieval y del Siglo de Oro

Abstract

La presente tesis analiza la transformación de la figura bíblica de Caín en diferentes obras de la literatura medieval española y del siglo de Oro. Además de la mención explícita de este personaje así como su asociación con el pueblo judío, se analizan ejemplos en donde esta asociación se establece de forma implícita o escondida. En el primer capítulo recorreremos la evolución de la figura de Caín desde su descripción en el texto de Génesis, pasando por su evolución en la patŕistica cristiana—principalmente en San Agustín e Isidoro de Sevilla- y finalizando con su descripción en biblias historiales medievales tales como la General Estoria. En el segundo capítulo analizamos la relaciôón de la figura de Caín con la tradición de la maldición divina a Alfonso X, principalmente en la obra de don Juan Manuel, El Libro de las Armas. En el tercer capítulo, continuamos el estudio de esta tradición medieval, esta vez presente en la Crónica de Pedro I del Canciller Pero López de Ayala en la cual volvemos sobre la mención implícita de la figura de Caín asociada al rey castellano Pedro I, el Cruel. En el tercer y último capítulo la importancia de la figura de Caín a la hora de transformar otras historias y personajes bíblicos, en tres dramas del siglo de Oro en donde se presentan versions distintas del relato bíblico de "José y sus hermanos". En estas obras:…prestaremos atención al concepto de otredad presente y simbolizado en el conflicto entre hermanos y cómo la figura de Caín influye directamente en la presencia o no de un deseo de reconciliación.

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This thesis analyzes the transformation of the biblical figure of Cain in different works of Spanish medieval literature and the Golden Age. In addition to the explicit mention of this character as well as his association with the Jewish people, examples are analyzed where this association It is established implicitly or hidden. In the first chapter we will go through the evolution of the figure of Cain from his description in the text of Genesis, through his evolution in Christian pathology—mainly in Saint Augustine and Isidore of Seville—and ending with his description in medieval historical bibles such as General Estoria. In the second chapter we analyze the relationship of the figure of Cain with the tradition of the divine curse on Alfonso X, mainly in the work of Don Juan Manuel, The Book of Weapons. In the third chapter, we continue the study of this medieval tradition, this time present in the Chronicle of Pedro I by Chancellor Pero López de Ayala in which we return to the implicit mention of the figure of Cain associated with the Castilian king Pedro I, the Cruel. . In the third and final chapter, the importance of the figure of Cain when transforming other biblical stories and characters, in three dramas of the Golden Age where different versions of the biblical story of "Joseph and his brothers" are presented. In these works:…we will pay attention to the concept of otherness present and symbolized in the conflict between brothers and how the figure of Cain directly influences the presence or absence of a desire for reconciliation.