Trajectoire de type spirale adaptative pour l'usinage haute vitesse des cavités

Abstract

Ce travail de recherche étudie le comportement des nouvelles trajectoires spiralées, adaptées à l'usinage haute vitesse de pochettes, dans le domaine de l'aéronautique. Principalement, il sera question de vérifier comment réagissent les trajectoires spiralées lorsqu'elles s'adaptent au contour géométrique de la cavité. À cet effet, un programme prototype a été développé en Visual Basic afin de générer automatiquement les parcours d'outils adaptés à des pochettes de formes variables. Les paramètres entrant dans la définition de ces trajectoires ont démontré un impact sur les conditions d'usinage. Les résultats obtenus à partir d'essais expérimentaux révèlent le comportement des trajectoires spiralées adaptatives, et illustrent leur potentiel concernant la réduction du temps d'usinage d'environ 15% pour les opérations d'ébauche. La contribution de ces travaux a favorisé l'implantation des tactiques de coupe spiralées et de nouveaux types d'approche hélicoĩdales utilisables dans les logiciels de CFAO. L'algorithme prend également en considération les murs inclinés, ce qui accroît la quantité de matériel retirée.

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This research work studies the behavior of new spiral trajectories, adapted to the high-speed machining of pockets, in the field of aeronautics. Mainly, it will be a question of verifying how the spiral trajectories react when they adapt to the geometric contour of the cavity. To this end, a prototype program was developed in Visual Basic to automatically generate toolpaths adapted to pockets of variable shapes. The parameters entering into the definition of these trajectories have demonstrated an impact on the machining conditions. Results obtained from experimental tests reveal the behavior of adaptive spiral paths, and illustrate their potential for reducing machining time by approximately 15% for roughing operations. The contribution of this work has favored the implementation of spiral cutting tactics and new types of helical approaches that can be used in CAD/CAM software. The algorithm also takes sloped walls into consideration, which increases the amount of material removed.