L'établissement de plantations de conifères en relation avec le scarifiage et la végétation de compétition

Abstract

Nous avons étudié les influences de la végétation et du scarifiage sur l'établissement de conifères. Dans la sapinière à bouleau jaune, le scarifiage n'a pas eu d'effet sur les plants de fortes dimensions (PFD) d'épinettes (Picea spp.). La végétation compétitive a eu peu d'impacts sur la hauteur des plants, mais a négativement affecté leur diamètre, leur statut nutritif, de même que les caractéristiques du sol. Le type de PFD (récipients; racines nues) a eu un effet significatif sur la croissance des plants, mais mineur lorsque comparé à celui de la compétition. Dans la sapinière à bouleau blanc, le couvert de Kalmia angustifolia L. a réduit la croissance des plants d'épinette mais n'a pas influencé leur potentiel hydrique ou la température du soi. Le Kalmia a affecté le statut nutritif de l'épinette noire. Par unité de biomasse racinaire, l'épinette a été plus efficace que le Kalmia dans l'absorption d'azote.

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We studied the influences of vegetation and scarification on the establishment of conifers. In the fir-yellow birch stand, scarification had no effect on large spruce (Picea spp.) plants. Competitive vegetation had little impact on plant height, but negatively affected their diameter, their nutritional status, as well as soil characteristics. The type of PFD (containers; bare roots) had a significant effect on plant growth, but minor when compared to that of the competition. In the fir-white birch stand, the cover of Kalmia angustifolia L. reduced the growth of spruce plants but did not influence their water potential or soil temperature. Kalmia affected the nutritional status of black spruce. Per unit of root biomass, spruce was more efficient than Kalmia in nitrogen absorption.