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Abstract
"Umjolo " in the Zimbabwean context is a well-known phenomenon that means unhealthy toxic relationships characterized by the exchange of material gains such as money for sex. Younger people in higher education institutions often engage in romantic relationships that involve risky sexual behaviours to sustain their university lifestyle. The study investigated the psychological challenges and the social challenges that students face due to "umjolo ". A qualitative research was conducted and data was collected from 6 females and 1 male student aged 20 years and over. Depression, anxiety and insomnia were some of the worst challenges experienced by students. They also experienced social challenges such as loneliness, hopelessness, absentmindedness and worthlessness. Coping strategies that were utilized included exercising, social support and exploring more on the hobbies, though none of them received professional counselling. The study recommends a holistic model that addresses the interlinkages of psychological challenges and social challenges emanating from "umjolo" as negative determinants of mental health status among students. These negative determinants should be addressed collectively by the government through implementation of policies in line with students welfare, educational campaigns, provision of mental health services and financial support only to mention a few. The study concludes that the psychological challenges and social challenges emanating from "umjolo " and restrictions to control it should be holistically understood and addressed to ensure mental well-being of people.
Keywords: "umjolo"; students; psychological challenges; social challenges; teenagers
Introduction
"Mjolo" basically means dating, it has been derived from (ukujola) which means to date, therefore "mjolo" is the act of dating. The term originated in South Africa as a slang word for "relationship", sometimes it is used with "u" as a prefix, "uMjolo", which means the same thing, hence these two terms can be used interchangeably. It is a phenomenon that is common among tertiary students and has a demanding impact on their emotional and mental health. Unhealthy relationships may contribute to a toxic social environment, leading to stress, depression, anxiety or even suicide. It is due to these health hazards the phenomenon becomes a 'pandemic'. 'Semester marriages' and 'friends with benefits' are situated in the broad category of "uMjolo". "Umjolo" may sometimes involve the exchange of sex for money, gifts, services or other favors.
"Umjolo" is also...