Manga as Shakubuku: Gyō, Gaku, and Shin in Nichiren Buddhist Narratives

Abstract

This thesis explores the unique intersection of Nichiren Buddhism and manga as a medium for religious communication and education, focusing on the practice of Shakubuku—enlightening others about the teachings of Nichiren Daishonin (1222-1282) and the mantra Nam Myoho Renge Kyo. Nichiren Buddhism emphasizes the potential for all individuals to achieve enlightenment within their lifetime, guided by the core tenets of Gyō (practice), Gaku (study), and Shin (faith). This study explores how manga serves as both a narrative art form and a tool for reinforcing the sect's teachings and promoting Shakubuku. Despite being often overlooked in art historical studies due to its commercial nature and perceived lack of artistic value; manga holds significant cultural and educational importance. By examining manga that depict the life and teachings of Nichiren Daishonin, this study highlights how the medium incorporates the principles of Gyō, Gaku, and Shin, fostering a deeper understanding and devotion among followers and spreading Nichiren Buddhism to a wider audience. Through a comprehensive analysis of selected manga works, this paper contributes to the broader discourse of Japanese religious art, challenging prevailing notions about the value of popular media to emphasize the transformative potential of manga in promoting the core principles of Nichiren Buddhism and cultivating a deeper spiritual connection for both practitioners and non-members.