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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Megacities boost peri-urban socioeconomic development but fulfill their high natural resource demands by overexploitation, yielding irreversible environmental damage in surroundings that turn into sacrifice zones. This study reports the effects on the Cuautitlán-Pachuca Valley, the Mexico City main expansion zone at the northeast of the metropolitan area on the Central Mexico plateau, the trend scenarios from 2020 to 2050, and the actions to mitigate the growing water demand that will worsen its aquifer overexploitation. We designed a conceptual archetype to apply the Water Evaluation and Planning System (W.E.A.P.) mathematical model calibrated with 2013–2014 data to calculate groundwater volume demand in future scenarios. The demand output for the international airport and agriculture was less than 5%. The local climate change effect up to 2050 will slightly reduce the infiltration. The most crucial water demand increase (195% in 2050) is due to the population and industrial growth of the Mexico City northern municipalities (89% of the total groundwater extraction volume), and the aquifer will have a notable −2192.3 hm3 accumulated deficit in 2050, while urban sprawl will decrease water infiltration by 2.3%. Mitigation scenarios such as rainwater harvesting may reduce the urban water supply only by 9%, and a leak cutback will do so by 24%, which is still insufficient to achieve sustainable water management in the future. These outcomes emphasize the need to consider other actions, such as importing water from near aquifers and treating wastewater reuse to meet the future water demand.

Details

Title
The Groundwater Management in the Mexico Megacity Peri-Urban Interface
Author
Karen Ivon Ríos-Sánchez 1 ; Chamizo-Checa, Silvia 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Galindo-Castillo, Eric 1 ; Acevedo-Sandoval, Otilio Arturo 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; César Abelardo González-Ramírez 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; María de la Luz Hernández-Flores 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Otazo-Sánchez, Elena María 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Chemistry Department, Hidalgo State Autonomous University, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico[email protected] (E.G.-C.); [email protected] (O.A.A.-S.); [email protected] (C.A.G.-R.) 
 School of Agrobiology, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala, Autopista Tlaxcala-San Martin Texmelucan Km 10.5, Tlaxcala 90120, Tlaxcala, Mexico 
 Public Policies Data Analysis Lab., Ministry of Planning and Foresight, Hidalgo State Government, Boulevard Circuito la Concepción #3, San Agustín, Tlaxiaca 42162, Hidalgo, Mexico 
First page
4801
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20711050
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3067521918
Copyright
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.