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ABSTRACT:
Sushruta's contributions to medicine, detailed in his seminal work "The Sushruta Samhita," signify a golden era in surgical history. His pioneering techniques in plastic surgery, fracture management, and dental procedures laid the foundation for many modern practices. Emphasizing anatomical knowledge and stringent sterilization protocols, Sushruta's methods predated and influenced later medical advancements. His innovative use of surgical instruments and natural anaesthetics, along with his practical training techniques, highlight his profound impact on the field. Sushruta's enduring legacy remains a cornerstone in the history of medicine and surgery, continuing to influence contemporary medical practices. This review article sheds light on his contribution for Oral and Maxillofacial surgery. Keywords: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sushruta Samhita, Sushruta, Rhinoplasty.
INTRODUCTION
History of Medicine is more ancient than we think. It dates back to 600 BC [1] when surgical techniques were practiced by Sushruta. It is the era of ayurveda, the ancient surgeon to perform surgery, The Sushruta was born in Kashi, a town in India [1]. His teachings and understanding of the surgeries were one of the earliest presentations in Indian literature. All his surgical teachings are compiled in a form of book named "The Sushruta Samhita" that is also believed to be a part of Atharvaveda by some scholars. As per the Sushruta Samhita vol I English translation, Sushruta is regarded as disciple of Dhanvantari, who first offered medical science. Apart from the understanding of medical science, his knowledge for plastic surgery was impeccable. He was hence also title as "Father of Plastic Surgery" [3]. In his book, he has described ayurvedic medicine, surgical instruments which were made by himself, surgical anatomy, dealing with fractures and even fumigation practices [3].Sushruta is one of the ancient pioneers of surgery even ahead of Hippocrates, Celsius, and Galen [4]. Sushruta defines surgeon as "A person who possesses courage and presence of mind, a hand free from perspiration, tremor less grip of sharp and good instruments and who carries his operations to the success and advantage of his patient who has entrusted his life to the surgeon. The surgeon should respect this absolute surrender and treat his patient as his own son" [5]. Even in ancient times, the surgeries were termed as Shalya Tantra, wherein Shalya refers to a sharp...