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Historical Perspective:
Turan is referred to as a specific region in Central Asia and the term Turan is perceived as denoting lands inhabited by Turkic-speaking tribes. Turan appears next to Iran on numerous maps of the 19th century to designate a region encompassing modern Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and northern parts of Pakistan and Afghanistan. This area roughly corresponds to what is called Central Asia today.
Historically, Turan was not really defined by fixed borders rather It embraces the unity of all Turks regardless where they live and to work for the common goal which is based on their culture, tradition etc. In order to elaborate the historic Turkic empires with this map: the main Turkic empires in the history including, Hunnic empire, Turkic Qaghanate, Seljuk Empire, The Ottoman Empire, Timurid Empire, and the Mughal Empire.
All these said empires were created by a Turkic dynasty throughout history. The Chingisid Empire (Cengiz Khan) is known as a Mongol empire. Many scholars have written that Cengiz was half Turkic, half Mongol. There are many more places where Turks have moved, settled and created their own countries throughout the history.
The concept of TURAN as depicted by the German "Map of Iran and Turan", dated 1843 (during the Qajar dynasty), Turan territory is indicated by an orange line (in the attached map below). According to the legend (bottom right of the map), Turan encompasses regions including modern Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, northern parts of Afghanistan and northern Pakistan and Kazakhstan, which corresponds to what is called Central Asia today. List of the areas mentioned in the map as part of Turan: 1. Khwarazm 2. Bukhara with Balkh 3. Shehersebz (near Bukhara) 4. Hissar 5. Kokand 6. Durwaz 7. Karategin 8. Kunduz 9. Kafiristan 10. Chitral 11. Gilgit 12. Iskardu 13. and 14. The northern steppes (Kazakhstan).
Current Regional Geo Political Composition:
The Turan concept in modern day, we can say that it currently composes of existing organization of Turkic states that is led by Türkiye. The organization of Turkic states (OTS) include Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, and Türkiye. Other than OTS states, there is ECO (Economic Cooperation Organization) that was started originally from the concept of the Regional Cooperation Development (Pakistan, Türkiye and Iran)...