Abstract
The flow and mass transport through different membrane types from different hemodialyzers are investigated in a co-current direction to emphasize the effect of solute diffusion through the dialyzer membranes. The numerical model consists of the blood flowing in a hollow fiber surrounded by a dialysate flow, where the mass transport and fluid flow were simultaneously calculated. The high flux dialyzers considered in the present study are FINEFLUX FIX-210S eco, ELISIO-210HR, and PEPA FDY-21B, which differ mainly in characteristics of the membrane structure and surface. Urea and maltodextrin solutions are used as model solutes to consider the effect of molecular size difference. The numerically predicted outlet concentrations closely align with experimental values, where the variation between predicted and measured values remain below 10% across all dialyzer types for urea solutions, and specifically below 8% for maltodextrin solution. Among the various dialyzers tested, FINEFLUX membrane could provide the highest maltodextrin clearance (83.09 ml/min) and overall mass transfer area coefficient (KoA) (119.56 ml/min) potentially due to its fast-diffusion characteristic. In this co-current flow study, the results suggest that urea transport is primarily influenced by flow control with minimal impact from boundary layers, while maltodextrin transport is predominantly governed by diffusion control.
Article Highlights
The mass transport simulation of different hemodialysis membranes (in co-current flow) closely aligns with the experimental results.
FINEFLUX membrane could provide the highest maltodextrin clearance due to its fast-diffusion characteristic.
Urea clearance is controlled by dialysate flow; maltodextrin clearance is limited by membrane diffusion.
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Details
1 Thammasat University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pathum Thani, Thailand (GRID:grid.412434.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 1127)
2 Thammasat University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pathum Thani, Thailand (GRID:grid.412434.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 1127)
3 Thammasat University, Chulabhon International College of Medicine, Khlong Luang, Thailand (GRID:grid.412434.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 1127)