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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Chlorhexidine (CHX) represents one of the most commonly used antiseptics in dentistry and other medical–pharmaceutical fields due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. However, the potential toxic events arising from its common use in practice has become a subject of increasing concern. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the potential toxicity of CHX digluconate at concentrations covering its antibacterial properties (0.0002–0.2%) in HGF primary gingival fibroblasts, HaCaT immortalized human keratinocytes, and JB6 Cl 41-5a epidermal cells, as well as its irritant action in ovo. Our results indicate that CHX exerted a concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in all cell lines, which was evidenced by the reduction in cell viability, number, and confluence, damaged cell membrane integrity, impaired cell morphology, and specific apoptotic nuclear shape. The highest cytotoxicity was caused by CHX digluconate 0.02% and 0.2%, concentrations, at which an irritant effect on the chorioallantoic membrane was also observed. The novel findings revealed in this research contribute to the overall safety profile of CHX and stand as a basis for further investigations in this regard.

Details

Title
Insights into the Cytotoxicity and Irritant Potential of Chlorhexidine Digluconate: An In Vitro and In Ovo Safety Screening
Author
Dinu, Stefania 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Matichescu, Anamaria 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Buzatu, Roxana 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Marcovici, Iasmina 4 ; Geamantan-Sirbu, Andreea 4 ; Semenescu, Alexandra Denisa 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Remus Christian Bratu 5 ; Dana-Cristina Bratu 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 9, Revolutiei 1989 Bv., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; [email protected]; Pediatric Dentistry Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 9, Revolutiei Bv., 300041 Timisoara, Romania 
 Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeș”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania; Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 14A Tudor Vladimirescu Ave., 300173 Timișoara, Romania 
 Department of Dental Aesthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Revolutiei Boulevard 9, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; [email protected] 
 Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; [email protected] (I.M.); [email protected] (A.G.-S.); [email protected] (A.D.S.); Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania 
 Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; [email protected] 
 Department of Orthodontics II, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; [email protected] 
First page
221
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
23046767
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3084725348
Copyright
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.