Full Text

Turn on search term navigation

© 2024 Jain et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Introduction

Information on bioavailable Iron (BAI) content in respirable coal dust (RCD) is crucial to address occupational health and safety, especially in preventing coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP).

Materials and methods

In the present study, we determined BAI concentrations in seventy-seven coal samples collected from ten coal mining regions of Central India. The cytotoxic potential of BAI-RCD was established invitro by using alveolar epithelial (A549) and macrophage (U937) cell lines. The oxidative/antioxidant status, inflammations, and genotoxicity attributed to BAI-RCD exposure were evaluated and correlated with CWP pathophysiology.

Results

The mean BAI concentrations in the coal samples (n = 77) range from (275 to 9065 mg kg-1) and showed wide variability. Both cell lines were exposed to low (275 mg kg-1), moderate (4650 mg kg-1), and high (9065 mg kg-1) BAI-RCD samples showed significant (p < 0.001) cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner (low < moderate < high) compared to the control. After BAI-RCD treatment, both cell lines showed a decrease in antioxidant stress measures (SOD, CAT, and GSH) and a significant (p < 0.001) increase in oxidative stress parameters (NADPH, MPO, LPO, and PC). Furthermore, these cell line models demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.001) dose-dependent increase in cytokines (TGF-β1, IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6 cytokines) and oxidative DNA damage marker (8-OH-dG).

Conclusion

Results indicated that the central India coals (even at low BAI content) may be accountable for inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity. Hence, BAI can be important characteristic to establish safety standards for coal dust exposure before active mining.

Details

Title
In vitro toxicity assessment of bioavailable iron in coal varieties of Central India
Author
Ruchika Kishor Jain; Anshumali; Prasad Sherekar  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Nayak, Amit; Jaiswal, Shraddha; Pimpalghare, Komal; Tumane, Rajani; Jawade, Aruna; Shubhangi Kailas Pingle  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Suke, Sanvidhan G; Rajpal Singh Kashyap; Mandal, Bibhuti Bhusan
First page
e0309237
Section
Research Article
Publication year
2024
Publication date
Sep 2024
Publisher
Public Library of Science
e-ISSN
19326203
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3106995538
Copyright
© 2024 Jain et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.