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Abstract

A considerable number of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars exhibit UV excess and/or X-ray emission that indicates a binary companion. AGB stars are so bright that they easily outshine their companions. This almost prevents their identification. Y Gem has been known for some decades to be an AGB star that is bright in the far-UV and X-rays, but it is unclear whether its companion is a main-sequence star or a white dwarf (WD) in a symbiotic system (SySt). Our goal is to uncover the true nature of Y Gem, which will help us to study the possible misidentified population of SySts. Multiwavelength IR, optical, UV, and X-ray observations were analyzed to investigate the properties of the stellar components and the accretion process in Y Gem. In particular, an optical spectrum of Y Gem is presented here for the first time, while X-ray data are interpreted by means of reflection models produced by an accretion disk and material in its vicinity. The optical spectrum exhibits the typical sawtooth-shaped features of molecular absorptions in addition to narrow recombination and forbidden emission lines. The emission lines and the analysis of the extinction-corrected UV spectrum suggest a hot component with \(T_\mathrm{eff}\approx\)60,000 K, \(L\)=140 L\(_{\odot}\), and \(R\)=0.11 R\(_{\odot}\) that very likely is an accreting WD. The late component is found to be an 1.1 M\(_\odot\) AGB star with \(T_\mathrm{eff}\)=3350 K and \(R\)=240 R\(_\odot\). Using IR, optical, UV, and X-ray data, we found that Y Gem is an S-type SySt whose compact component is accreting at an estimated mass-accretion rate of \(\dot{M}_\mathrm{acc}=2.3\times10^{-7}\) M\(_\odot\) yr\(^{-1}\). At this accretion rate, the accreting WD has reached the stable and steady burning phase in which no recurrent events are expected.

Details

1009240
Title
Y Gem, a symbiotic star outshone by its asymptotic giant branch primary component
Publication title
arXiv.org; Ithaca
Publication year
2024
Publication date
Dec 18, 2024
Section
Astrophysics
Publisher
Cornell University Library, arXiv.org
Source
arXiv.org
Place of publication
Ithaca
Country of publication
United States
University/institution
Cornell University Library arXiv.org
e-ISSN
2331-8422
Source type
Working Paper
Language of publication
English
Document type
Working Paper
Publication history
 
 
Online publication date
2024-12-19
Milestone dates
2024-11-21 (Submission v1); 2024-12-18 (Submission v2)
Publication history
 
 
   First posting date
19 Dec 2024
ProQuest document ID
3131953326
Document URL
https://www.proquest.com/working-papers/y-gem-symbiotic-star-outshone-asymptotic-giant/docview/3131953326/se-2?accountid=208611
Full text outside of ProQuest
Copyright
© 2024. This work is published under http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Last updated
2024-12-20
Database
ProQuest One Academic