Implementation of an MPPT Technique for Solar PV Systems Based on a Programmable Logic Controller

Abstract

In this research study, an automated design is introduced for the Photovoltaic (PV) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Technique using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) S7-1200 type. The perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm was employed to track the maximum power point continuously and reduce output fluctuations. This innovative design seeks to address the usual constraints associated with standard P&O-MPPT algorithms by harnessing the power of PLC automation. The system was meticulously modelled and simulated using the Siemens Automation program (TIA Portal) with the use of a ladder and Structured Control Language (SCL) languages, depicted as a function block. Furthermore, an experimental prototype was developed employing a PLC as the control unit to authenticate the accuracy and effectiveness of the P&O algorithm’s outcomes with a DC-DC Boost converter. The system’s performance was compared under varying meteorological conditions. Additionally, a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) screen was developed for periodic monitoring and displaying results on the PC screen. The system has proven to be highly efficient in tracking maximum power, periodic monitoring, and displaying results on the computer screen.