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Heading into 2025, we retain a very bullish outlook for the IT markets in Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya. Momentum is being supported by elevated energy prices, hydrocarbon revenues and a resurgence in consumer demand. However, our Country Risk team has revised down the currency outlook for all three markets, suggesting that import affordability concerns will remain prominent. Nevertheless, this will encourage local assembly and manufacturing of low-end IT hardware. Out to 2033, these three markets are expected to experience significant growth, capitalising on a substantial potential customer base and the modernisation of the enterprise sector. Currently, the adoption of devices and IT solutions is trailing emerging market benchmarks. Major capex on modernisation, energy, infrastructure and logistics, will likely ensure sustained enterprise demand. These investments will be crucial in driving the evolution of the IT market, which is presently at a nascent stage of development. In 2025, global geopolitical concerns and the threat of inflation will weigh on retail and enterprise sales, and the risk of a major currency collapse in a developing market like Nigeria will remain pronounced.