The dynamical diquark model: fine structure and isospin

Abstract

We incorporate fine-structure corrections into the dynamical diquark model of multiquark exotic hadrons. These improvements include effects due to finite diquark size, spin-spin couplings within the diquarks, and most significantly, isospin-dependent couplings in the form of pionlike exchanges assumed to occur between the light quarks within the diquarks. Using a simplified two-parameter interaction Hamiltonian, we obtain fits in which the isoscalar J^PC = 1⁺⁺ state — identified as the X (3872) — appears naturally as the lightest exotic (including all states that are predicted by the model but have not yet been observed), while the closed-charm decays of Z_c(3900) and Z_c(4020) prefer J/𝜓 and h_c modes, respectively, in accord with experiment. We explore implications of this model for the excited tetraquark multiplets and the pentaquarks.