Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background

Bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMOs) have several demonstrated and hypothesized benefits including roles in cognitive development and antipathogenic activities, making them promising ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceutical applications. BMO extraction from bovine milk is challenged by low concentrations relative to nonbioactive simple sugars like lactose. BMO abundances are known to vary with a cow's lactation stage, breed, and parity, but these characteristics are difficult to modify in existing dairy herds. In contrast, diet modification is an accessible target, and is already known to influence milk yield, lipid content, protein levels, and monosaccharide compositions.

Objectives

To determine the impact of a low starch high fiber versus a high starch low fiber diet on overall BMO profiles and individual BMO abundances in Holstein dairy cattle.

Methods

Milk samples were collected from 59 midlactation Holsteins in a crossover study featuring dietary modification with either a low starch high fiber or high starch low fiber feed. BMO profiles were evaluated by nano-LC quadrupole time-of-flight tandem MS, and differences in BMO abundances between diets were evaluated using linear mixed effects modeling.

Results

A total of 19 BMOs were identified across the sample set, including 4 large fucosylated compounds. Seven BMOs were found to have significantly more positive percent changes in yield-adjusted abundance from the pre-experiment baseline period for milk samples collected during feeding with the low starch high fiber diet compared with the high starch low fiber diet.

Conclusions

Consuming the low starch high fiber diet promoted greater overall BMO production than the high starch low fiber diet in a population of midlactation Holsteins. Additionally, this study afforded the opportunity to investigate the impact of other factors potentially influencing BMO abundances, furthering understanding of how dairy herd management practices can positively impact milk composition and support the potential use of BMOs as functional ingredients.

Details

Title
Dietary Fiber to Starch Ratio Affects Bovine Milk Oligosaccharide Profiles
Author
Durham, Sierra D 1 ; Lemay, Danielle G 2 ; Wei, Zhe 1 ; Kalscheur, Kenneth F 3 ; Finley, John W 4 ; Fukagawa, Naomi K 5 ; Barile, Daniela 1 

 Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California , Davis, CA, USA 
 Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center , Davis, CA, USA 
 Agricultural Research Service, USDA , US Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI, USA 
 Agricultural Research Service, USDA , Office of National Programs, Beltsville, MD, USA 
 Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center , Beltsville, MD, USA 
Publication year
2022
Publication date
Jun 2022
Publisher
Oxford University Press
e-ISSN
24752991
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3169499392
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.