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In this paper, an IES optimal cooperative scheduling method based on a master–slave game is proposed considering a carbon emission trading (CET) and carbon capture system (CCS) combined operation with power to gas (P2G). We analysed the behaviour of integrated energy system operators (IESO) and energy suppliers (ES) when the system is operating in different states. This paper first introduces the structure of IES and the mathematical model of the game frame. Secondly, mixed integer linear programming and particle swarm optimization (MILP–PSO) are used. The final simulation results show that in the main scenario, IESO and ES have an income of CNY 181,900 and CNY 279,400, respectively, and the actual carbon emission is 106.75 tons. The overall income is balanced, and the carbon emission is in the middle. The results provide a reference value for operators and users to make decisions.
Details
Particle swarm optimization;
Linear programming;
Game theory;
Integer programming;
Mathematical models;
Emissions trading;
Ratios;
Optimization;
Hydrogen;
Energy resources;
Energy consumption;
Carbon sequestration;
Efficiency;
Natural gas;
Power-to-gas;
Scheduling;
Operators (mathematics);
Integrated energy systems;
Carbon dioxide;
Carbon;
Mixed integer;
Flue gas;
Emission standards;
Demand side management
1 State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan 250003, China
2 Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion, Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China