Abstract
A search for neutrinos produced in coincidence with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) was conducted with the Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector. Between December 2008 and March 2017, the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network recorded 2208 GRBs that occurred during normal SK operation. Several time windows around each GRB were used to search for coincident neutrino events. No statistically significant signal in excess of the estimated backgrounds was detected. The
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Details
Title
Search for tens of MeV neutrinos associated with gamma-ray bursts in Super-Kamiokande
Author
Orii, A 1 ; Abe, K 2 ; Bronner, C 1 ; Hayato, Y 2 ; Ikeda, M 1 ; Imaizumi, S 1 ; Ito, H 1 ; Kameda, J 2 ; Kataoka, Y 1 ; Kato, Y 1 ; Kishimoto, Y 2 ; Miura, M 1 ; Moriyama, S 2 ; Mochizuki, T 1 ; Nagao, Y 1 ; Nakahata, M 2 ; Nakajima, Y 2 ; Nakayama, S 2 ; Okada, T 1 ; Okamoto, K 1 ; Pronost, G 1 ; Sekiya, H 2 ; Shiozawa, M 2 ; Sonoda, Y 1 ; Suzuki, Y 1 ; Takeda, A 2 ; Takemoto, Y 1 ; Takenaka, A 1 ; Tanaka, H 1 ; Yano, T 1 ; Han, S 3 ; Kajita, T 4 ; Okumura, K 4 ; Tashiro, T 3 ; Wang, R 3 ; Xia, J 3 ; Megias, G D 5 ; Bravo-Berguño, D 6 ; Labarga, L 6 ; Ll Marti 6 ; Zaldivar, B 6 ; Blaszczyk, F d M 7 ; Kearns, E 8 ; Raaf, J L 7 ; Stone, J L 8 ; Wan, L 7 ; Wester, T 7 ; Pointon, B W 9 ; Bian, J 10 ; Griskevich, N J 10 ; Kropp, W R 10 ; Locke, S 10 ; Mine, S 10 ; Smy, M B 11 ; Sobel, H W 11 ; Takhistov, V 11 ; Weatherly, P 10 ; Ganezer, K S 12 ; Hill, J 12 ; Kim, J Y 13 ; Lim, I T 13 ; Park, R G 13 ; Bodur, B 14 ; Scholberg, K 15 ; Walter, C W 15 ; Bernard, L 16 ; Coffani, A 16 ; Drapier, O 16 ; S El Hedri 16 ; Giampaolo, A 16 ; Gonin, M 16 ; Mueller, Th A 16 ; Paganini, P 16 ; Quilain, B 16 ; T Ishizuka, 17 ; T Nakamura, 18 ; Jang, J S 19 ; Learned, J G 20 ; Matsuno, S 20 ; Anthony, L H V 21 ; Litchfield, R P 21 ; Sztuc, A A 21 ; Uchida, Y 21 ; Berardi, V 22 ; Catanesi, M G 22 ; Radicioni, E 22 ; Calabria, N F 23 ; Machado, L N 23 ; De Rosa, G 23 ; Collazuol, G 24 ; Iacob, F 24 ; Lamoureux, M 24 ; Ospina, N 24 ; Ludovici, L 25 ; Nishimura, Y 26 ; Cao, S 27 ; Friend, M 27 ; Hasegawa, T 27 ; Ishida, T 27 ; Kobayashi, T 27 ; Jakkapu, M 27 ; Matsubara, T 27 ; Nakadaira, T 27 ; Nakamura, K 28 ; Oyama, Y 27 ; Sakashita, K 27 ; Sekiguchi, T 27 ; Tsukamoto, T 27 ; Boschi, T 29 ; F Di Lodovico 29 ; S Molina Sedgwick 29 ; Taani, M 29 ; Zsoldos, S 29 ; Hasegawa, M 30 ; Isobe, Y 30 ; Miyabe, H 30 ; Nakano, Y 30 ; Shiozawa, T 30 ; Sugimoto, T 30 ; Suzuki, A T 30 ; Takeuchi, Y 31 ; Yamamoto, S 30 ; Ali, A 32 ; Ashida, Y 32 ; Feng, J 32 ; Hirota, S 32 ; Jiang, M 32 ; Ichikawa, A K 32 ; Kikawa, T 32 ; Mori, M 32 ; Nakamura, K E 32 ; Nakaya, T 33 ; Wendell, R A 33 ; Yasutome, K 32 ; Fernandez, P 34 ; McCauley, N 34 ; Mehta, P 34 ; Pritchard, A 34 ; Tsui, K M 34 ; Fukuda, Y 35 ; Itow, Y 36 ; Menjo, H 37 ; Niwa, T 37 ; Sato, K 37 ; Tsukada, M 37 ; Mijakowski, P 38 ; Frankiewicz, K 38 ; Jung, C K 39 ; Vilela, C 39 ; Wilking, M J 39 ; Yanagisawa, C 39 ; Fukuda, D 40 ; Harada, M 40 ; Hagiwara, K 40 ; Horai, T 40 ; Ishino, H 40 ; Ito, S 40 ; Koshio, Y 41 ; W Ma 40 ; Piplani, N 40 ; Sakai, S 40 ; Sakuda, M 40 ; Takahira, Y 40 ; C Xu 40 ; Kuno, Y 42 ; Barr, G 43 ; Barrow, D 43 ; Cook, L 44 ; Goldsack, A 44 ; Samani, S 43 ; Simpson, C 44 ; Wark, D 45 ; Nova, F 46 ; Yang, J Y 47 ; Jenkins, S J 48 ; Malek, M 48 ; McElwee, J M 48 ; Stone, O 48 ; Thiesse, M D 48 ; Thompson, L F 48 ; Okazawa, H 49 ; Choi, Y 50 ; Kim, S B 50 ; I Yu 50 ; Nishijima, K 51 ; Koshiba, M 52 ; Iwamoto, K 53 ; Ogawa, N 53 ; Yokoyama, M 54 ; Martens, K 55 ; Vagins, M R 56 ; Izumiyama, S 57 ; Kuze, M 57 ; Tanaka, M 57 ; Yoshida, T 57 ; Inomoto, M 58 ; Ishitsuka, M 58 ; Matsumoto, R 58 ; Ohta, K 58 ; Shinoki, M 58 ; Martin, J F 59 ; Nantais, C M 59 ; Tanaka, H A 59 ; Towstego, T 59 ; Akutsu, R 60 ; Hartz, M 61 ; Konaka, A 60 ; de Perio, P 60 ; Prouse, N W 60 ; Chen, S 62 ; Xu, B D 62 ; Posiadala-Zezula, M 63 ; Richards, B 64 ; Jamieson, B 65 ; Walker, J 65 ; Minamino, A 66 ; Pintaudi, G 66 ; Sasaki, R 66
1 Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
2 Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
3 Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
4 Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
5 Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
6 Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
7 Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
8 Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
9 Department of Physics, British Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, BC, V5G 3H2, Canada
10 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA
11 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
12 Department of Physics, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747, USA
13 Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
14 Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
15 Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
16 Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
17 Junior College, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
18 Department of Physics, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
19 GIST College, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
20 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
21 Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
22 Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, I-70125, Bari, Italy
23 Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
24 Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy
25 INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” I-00185, Roma, Italy
26 Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
27 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
28 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
29 Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
30 Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
31 Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
32 Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
33 Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
34 Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
35 Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
36 Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan; Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
37 Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
38 National Centre For Nuclear Research, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
39 Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
40 Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
41 Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
42 Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
43 Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
44 Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
45 Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom; STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
46 Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford, OX11 0QX, UK
47 Department of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
48 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, United Kingdom
49 Department of Informatics in Social Welfare, Shizuoka University of Welfare, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 425-8611, Japan
50 Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
51 Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
52 The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
53 Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
54 Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
55 Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
56 Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA
57 Department of Physics,Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
58 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
59 Department of Physics, University of Toronto, ON, M5S 1A7, Canada
60 TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T2A3, Canada
61 TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T2A3, Canada; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
62 Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
63 Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
64 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
65 Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, MB R3J 3L8, Canada
66 Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
1 Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
2 Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Gifu 506-1205, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
3 Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
4 Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
5 Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
6 Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
7 Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
8 Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
9 Department of Physics, British Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, BC, V5G 3H2, Canada
10 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA
11 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
12 Department of Physics, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747, USA
13 Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
14 Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
15 Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
16 Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
17 Junior College, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
18 Department of Physics, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
19 GIST College, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
20 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
21 Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
22 Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, I-70125, Bari, Italy
23 Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
24 Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy
25 INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” I-00185, Roma, Italy
26 Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
27 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
28 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
29 Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
30 Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
31 Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
32 Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
33 Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
34 Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
35 Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
36 Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan; Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
37 Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
38 National Centre For Nuclear Research, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
39 Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
40 Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
41 Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
42 Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
43 Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
44 Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
45 Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom; STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
46 Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford, OX11 0QX, UK
47 Department of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
48 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, United Kingdom
49 Department of Informatics in Social Welfare, Shizuoka University of Welfare, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 425-8611, Japan
50 Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
51 Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
52 The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
53 Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
54 Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
55 Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
56 Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA
57 Department of Physics,Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
58 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
59 Department of Physics, University of Toronto, ON, M5S 1A7, Canada
60 TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T2A3, Canada
61 TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T2A3, Canada; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
62 Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
63 Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
64 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
65 Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, MB R3J 3L8, Canada
66 Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan
Publication year
2021
Publication date
Oct 2021
e-ISSN
20503911
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3171487237
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Physical Society of Japan. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.