Multi-Objective Scheduling Optimization of Prefabricated Components Production Using Improved Non-Dominated Sorting Generic Algorithm II

Abstract

The traditional construction industry is characterized by high energy consumption and significant carbon emissions, primarily due to its reliance on on-site manual labor and wet operations, which are not only low in mechanization but also result in low material efficiency and substantial construction waste. Prefabricated construction offers a new solution with its efficient production methods, significantly enhancing material utilization and construction efficiency. This paper focuses on the production scheduling optimization of prefabricated components. The production scheduling directly affects the construction speed and cost of prefabricated buildings. Given the complex modeling and numerous constraints faced by the production of prefabricated components, we propose an improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) for multi-objective optimization. The algorithm incorporates adaptive operators and greedy concepts for local search, enhancing solution exploration and diversity. We segment the production of prefabricated components into six stages, analyzing dependencies and constraints, and form a comprehensive scheduling model with objectives of minimizing contract penalties, storage costs, and production time. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the improved NSGA-II provides a more balanced and larger set of solutions compared to baseline algorithms, offering manufacturers a wider range of options. This research contributes to the optimization of production scheduling in the prefabricated construction industry, supporting coordinated, sustainable, automated, and transparent production environments.