Content area
Simple Summary
Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid that must be acquired exclusively through dietary intake. The metabolism of tryptophan plays a critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis and tolerance, as well as in preventing excessive inflammatory responses. Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) serves as one of the pivotal rate-limiting enzymes in the first step of tryptophan metabolism. Dysregulation of TDO2 expression has been found in various digestive system diseases, including digestive system cancers and inflammatory digestive system diseases. Consequently, TDO2 has garnered increasing recognition as a promising therapeutic target for digestive system diseases in recent years, attracting growing attention. This review elucidates the mechanisms by which TDO2 functions within the tryptophan metabolic pathway, its role in digestive system diseases, and recent advancements in TDO2 inhibitor research. The objective is to offer novel insights and a comprehensive theoretical foundation for future investigations in tryptophan metabolism.
Details
Cell death;
Tryptophan;
Medical prognosis;
Amino acids;
Metabolic pathways;
Liver;
Digestive system;
Dioxygenase;
Therapeutic targets;
Melatonin;
Ligands;
Immunological tolerance;
Metabolism;
Homeostasis;
Tumors;
Gastric cancer;
Enzymes;
Metabolites;
Digestive system diseases;
Proteins;
Dietary intake;
Microbiota
