Balancing Power and Resolving Conflicts in the Collaboration between Regional Heads and DPRD in Indonesia's Decentralized Governance

Abstract

The relationship between Regional Heads and the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) is crucial for the success of Indonesia’s decentralized governance. Despite Law No. 23 of 2014 aiming to enhance regional autonomy and collaboration, political conflicts, stemming from differing affiliations and agendas, often hinder this relationship. Such conflicts can lead to gridlocks, policy delays, and budgetary standstills, especially in politically charged regions. Furthermore, the power imbalance, with Regional Heads controlling regional resources, weakens DPRD’s oversight functions and governance effectiveness. In contrast, regions with political stability show that cooperation between Regional Heads and DPRD can improve governance and public service delivery. This study, using a normative legal approach, identifies three key pillars—equality, transparency, and accountability—as essential for fostering a strong relationship between Regional Heads and DPRD. Findings suggest that these pillars reduce political tensions, strengthen oversight, and ensure continuity in public services. To address ongoing governance challenges, the study proposes two conflict resolution mechanisms: a vertical mechanism involving the Ministry of Home Affairs for mediation and oversight, and a horizontal mechanism emphasizing regional coordination forums. These mechanisms highlight the need for detailed regulations to guide conflict management, contributing to governance stability and supporting Indonesia’s decentralization goals.