Research on Valve Optimization and Control Technology for Water Hammer Protection in Long-Distance Pressurized Water Conveyance Systems

Abstract

In long-distance water transfer projects, changes in operating conditions or accidental power failures can cause changes in the flow regime inside the pipeline, triggering water hammer phenomena. This results in instantaneous pressure overload in the system, which can damage the water conveyance pipelines and associated structures, impacting the safety of water transmission. To effectively reduce the maximum water hammer pressure generated during pump station shutdown operations, this study first uses HAMMER software for hydraulic modeling of the water transfer system. Hydraulic simulations are conducted for various operational conditions, including normal system operation and sudden pump shutdown scenarios, to calculate the maximum water hammer pressure and other parameters, and analyze feasible and effective water hammer control measures. Next, by analyzing and processing 200 sets of water hammer pressure data under different valve conditions, this study investigates the pressure variation patterns in the system under different operating conditions. A data-driven neural network-based water hammer pressure simulation model is developed to quantitatively analyze the impact of operational parameters such as valve quick-closing time and quick- closing angle on the system's maximum water hammer pressure. With the goal of controlling the maximum water hammer pressure, a water hammer regulation model based on valve closure strategy optimization is established. This model is solved using intelligent optimization algorithms to propose the optimal valve control scheme under pump shutdown conditions. Case studies show that the data-driven neural network- based water hammer pressure simulation model accurately simulates the impact of different valve conditions on water hammer pressure. Furthermore, the Bat Algorithm (BA) effectively optimizes the valve control strategy, significantly reducing the maximum water hammer pressure during pump shutdown operations. This approach effectively controls the destructive impact of water hammer on the water transfer system and greatly enhances the safety of long-distance pressurized water transfer.