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This dissertation explores the cultural production of Hispanic anarchists during World War I, focusing on their engagement with the war as it appeared in the anarchist press. Through an analysis of key periodicals such as Tierra y Libertad (Barcelona 1904–1923), Ideas y Figuras (Buenos Aires, 1909–1918) and Regeneración (Los Angeles 1900–1918), this study highlights the ways in which the war reshaped the cultural, organizational, and historical landscape of the Hispanic anarchist movement. The debates surrounding neutrality during the war had, in a way, exposed fractures within the global anarchist movement after over 60 years of shared ideological cohesion. By analyzing the writings, illustrations and editorial choices in these periodicals, this study reveals how Hispanic anarchists navigated the tension between their philosophical commitment to anti-militarism and the urgent realities of a world at war. Building on this foundation, this dissertation examines how the war influenced the ideological and rhetorical strategies of the Hispanic anarchist press, shaped by the distinct social and political realities of their respective regions. These periodicals served as both platforms for ideological reaffirmation and spaces for cultural experimentation. Chapter 1 explores key points of contact between Latin American modernismo and anarchist culture, focusing on the logic behind the problematic inclusion of a modernist chronicle, written by Enrique Gómez Carrillo, in the Tierra y Libertad almanac for 1915, produced by Anselmo Lorenzo. Chapter 2 examines the dissent between Alberto Ghiraldo and Juan Carulla in the Buenos Aires-based magazine Ideas y Figuras on the topic of neutrality. Chapter 3, drawing on Hayden White’s insights on narrative and history, considers how the death of Francisco Ferrer in 1909 brought about a period of martyrdom and unity to the anarchist movement, while World War I inspired a shift toward aporia and ideological fragmentation. Lastly, Chapter 4 highlights Ricardo Flores Magón’s creative literary production in Regeneración, produced from Los Angeles, despite the long periods of imprisonment that he endured, along with his deteriorating health. Taken together, this dissertation aims to demonstrate that the war acted as a transformative force, prompting the Hispanic anarchist press to adapt their cultural production to the demands of an unprecedented time of upheaval.