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The National Program to Support the Poorest (JUNTOS) in Peru provides conditional cash transfers to households in poverty and extreme poverty, contingent upon their access to health and education services, with the goal of enhancing human capital. While these transfers aim to improve the living conditions of recipient families, there is evidence of an impact on their labor participation, as some families may reduce their working hours temporarily after receiving these funds. This study aimed to determine how the JUNTOS program affects families' work hours and to analyze the influence of factors such as education, poverty, and unmet basic needs on the likelihood of program participation. The methodology employed probit regression and propensity score matching (PSM) using the nearest neighbor and kernel matching methods. The results indicate that education and unmet basic needs have an inverse relationship with the probability of participating in the program (-0.8% and -1.3%), while poverty has a direct relationship (3.7%). Finally, it was concluded that the program reduces beneficiaries’ working hours by 0.75 hours per week, as measured by the kernel matching method.