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Abstract

Pulp exposure cases are often found in daily dental practice. This cases are commonly caused by caries, trauma or other iatrogenic factors. Direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide is one of the treatment option for these cases. Calcium hydroxide is currently the gold standard material for pulp capping because of its anti-bacterial properties, high pH content, and it's ability to stimulates the formation of reparative dentin. However, calcium hydroxide also has some disadvantages such as necrosis liquefaction and formation of tunnel defect on dentinal bridge formation. Calcium Phosphate in nano extract of anchovy (Stolephorus insularis) is expected to make calcium hydroxide that is applied as a pulp capping material more effective.

The purpose of this research is to examine the combination of calcium hydroxide with Stolephorus insularis nano extract effect on HSP 70 and NF-κB expression in exposed pulp.

This study used 54 rats, that were grouped into three groups. A cavity with perforated pulp chamber was made on the maxillay first molars: For the control group, calcium hydroxide and aquadest combination was given, the test group was given calcium hydroxide combined with Stolephorus insularis nano extract 1:1, and calcium hydroxide combined with Stolephorus insularis nano extract 1:2. All cavities were filled with RMGIC. On days 1, 3, and 7, experimental animals from each treatment group were terminated by peritoneal injection, and then HSP 70 and NF-κB expression were seen using immunohistochemical staining.

The Tukey HSD Multiple Comparison test, which was used to analyse the data, revealed a significant difference between the test group and the control group, but The expression of NF-κB and HSP 70 did not significantly differ between the first and second test groups.

Application of calcium hydroxide combined with anchovy (Stolephorus insularis) nano extract can reduce HSP 70 and NF-κB expression in exposed pulp.

Experimental article (J Int Dent Med Res 2025; 18(1): 7-13)

Keywords: Calcium hydroxide, Stolephorus insularis, HSP 70, NF-κB, immunology.

Received date: 14 November 2024 Accept date: 12 December 2024

Introduction

Dental caries is an infectious disease that still has a very high prevalence in Indonesia. The national dental caries prevalence rate based on Riskesdas 2018 is 88.8% and the adult dental caries index is 7.11. In dental caries cases that are located near the dental pulp,...

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