The global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in geriatric population with emphasis on influential factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common disorder among the geriatric population (GP). MCI induces adverse effects on life quality by disrupting of natural aging process, daily activities, and memory. This systematic review and meta-analysis study aimed to investigate the global prevalence of MCI in GP with an emphasis on associated influential factors.

Methods

Electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, WoS, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were systematically searched (by November 2024) using the MeSH-based keywords. Collected references were imported into the Citation Management Software of EndNote (v.8) for duplicate detection. Paper screenings and quality assessments were applied based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, eligible papers were gathered and data analysis was performed using CMA software (v.2).

Results

In the review of 51 eligible studies (n = 287,689 elderly individuals), the global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in geriatric population was found 23.7% (95%CI:18.6–29.6). According to the meta-regression analysis, following the increase in sample size and year of paper publication, the mild cognitive impairment index decreased and increased, respectively. Besides, age, educational level, and depression status were considered the most critical influential factors of mild cognitive impairment in geriatric population.

Conclusion

According to the relatively high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in geriatric population, determination of proper health strategies seems necessary for diagnosis and treatment of mild cognitive impairment along with awareness and management of associated consequences in geriatric population.

Clinical trial number

Not applicable.