Content area
Full text
Abstract: The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has reshaped various sectors by improving connectivity, efficiency, and convenience. Central to this transformation are LoRa (Long Range) and LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) technologies, which provide reliable, low-power, long-range communication critical for IoT applications. As these systems evolve, examining security vulnerabilities and forensic challenges becomes increasingly essential. This paper explores digital forensics within IoT environments, focusing on the methodologies and tools required to secure and maintain the integrity of IoT deployments. By analyzing artifacts and log data from SenseCAP devices, the study offers insights into device operations and user interactions. Additionally, frequency analysis conducted via Software-Defined Radio (SDR) confirmed LoRa communication within expected frequency bands. The findings highlight the importance of robust forensic investigations to protect IoT ecosystems from cyber threats. Through an extensive literature review and empirical analysis, this paper contributes to advancing IoT device forensics, proposing strategies to address emerging challenges and enhance the resilience of IoT infrastructures in an increasingly interconnected world.
Keywords: Digital forensics, SenseCAP, LoRa, LoRaWAN, Browser forensics, Digital investigation
1. Introduction
The Internet of Things (IoT) has completely changed how we engage with technology in the modern world. IoT devices, which can be anything from industrial automation equipment to smart home systems, are becoming an essential part of our everyday lives since they facilitate smooth device connectivity and increase convenience, productivity, and efficiency. Over the past decade, there has been a significant transition from traditional to IoT-enabled devices, driven by the increasing demand for innovative technologies that boost connectivity and efficiency. As these devices proliferate across various sectors, healthcare, agriculture, logistics, and more-their importance continues to grow. By 2030, it is projected that IoT devices will account for 75% of all devices in use. This trend underscores the growing importance of IoT in shaping the future of technology and its applications in everyday life (Paolone 2022).
The development of LoRa and LoRaWAN technologies is essential to the Internet of Things. LoRa is a modulation technology that is perfect for battery-operated devices since it provides long-range communication with low power consumption. In addition, LoRaWAN is a wide-area network system architecture and communication protocol that makes safe and effective long-distance data transfer possible. Together, these technologies facilitate the...