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The purpose of this article is to question the authorship of one of the fundamental books by nationalist historian Juan E. Pivel Devoto, titled *Historia de la República Oriental del Uruguay* (1945), supposedly written in collaboration with his wife, Alcira Ranieri. Throughout the essay, the concept of authorship is problematized through a qualitative study. To achieve this, a draft written by Ranieri in 1943 is used as a basis, and a comparison is made with the various publications by the Uruguayan historian, both before and after the mentioned work.