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This study offers a state-of-the-art literature review and bibliometric analysis of Situational Leadership Theory (SLT), focusing on foundational principles, empirical evaluations, and cross-cultural applicability. Using a dataset from the Web of Science, we conducted a detailed bibliometric analysis that includes bibliographic coupling, Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) and thematic mapping techniques, employing tools like Bibliometrix in R Studio. Our analysis identified influential works and clusters within SLT research, highlighting two primary themes: SLT's adaptability in developmental leadership contexts and its alignment with ethical and cross-cultural considerations. The findings reveal SLT's enduring relevance, particularly in educational and training environments where leader adaptability enhances engagement and learning. However, the analysis underscores empirical challenges, especially regarding applicability across job levels and diverse cultural settings. The results suggest that SLT would benefit from culturally sensitive adaptations and the integration of objective metrics to improve its reliability. This study advances understanding of SLT role in fostering situationally responsive, ethically grounded, and culturally attuned leadership practices, with implications for refining the theory to meet the demands of a global, dynamic workforce.