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Abstract

La investigación evalúa los niveles de Actitudes ante la Muerte, Creencias con Relación al Paciente Terminal, y Ansiedad ante la Muerte, y la relación de estas variables en 110 profesionales de salud (médicos tratantes, médicos residentes, enfermeras, y auxiliares de enfermería) del Hospital Oncológico SOLCA Ambato. La metodología es de tipo cuantitativo, posee un diseño no experimental y un alcance descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal. Las evaluaciones se realizaron a través del Cuestionario de Actitudes ante la Muerte, el Cuestionario de Creencias con Relación al Paciente Terminal, y la Escala de Ansiedad ante la Muerte. Los resultados señalan que las dimensiones de Actitudes de tránsito y de temor son altas, mientras que las dimensiones de Actitudes de salida, de distanciamiento/aceptación, de impacto emocional y de defensividad son bajas. Las Creencias ante la muerte alcanzaron una intensidad moderada, existiendo acuerdo con que el paciente presenta síntomas ligados al dolor difíciles de tratar, y que lo que más le preocupa es poder controlar dichos síntomas; al tiempo que subrayan la importancia de recibir apoyo psicológico en este proceso. Los resultados de la Ansiedad fueron moderados, sin existir diferencias estadísticamente significativas por sexo. Se observaron correlaciones bajas positivas entre Creencias y Actitudes (particularmente la dimensión actitudinal de Salida); también se halló correlaciones moderadas positivas entre Ansiedad y Actitudes (especialmente con las dimensiones actitudinales de Temor, Distanciamiento- aceptación, y Defensividad), todas las correlaciones fueron estadísticamente significativas. Se determinó que las Actitudes predicen en un 17,8 % la presencia de la Ansiedad.

Alternate abstract:

The research evaluates the levels of Attitudes towards Death, Beliefs regarding the Terminal Patient, and Death Anxiety, and the relationship of these variables in 110 health professionals (treating doctors, resident doctors, nurses, and nursing assistants) of the SOLCA Oncology Hospital Ambato. The methodology is quantitative, has a non-experimental design and a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional scope. The evaluations were carried out through the Death Attitudes Questionnaire, the Beliefs Questionnaire Regarding the Terminal Patient, and the Death Anxiety Scale. The results indicate that the dimensions of Transit Attitudes and Fear are high, while the dimensions of Exit Attitudes, Distancing/Acceptance, Emotional Impact, and Defensiveness are low. Beliefs about death reached a moderate intensity, with agreement that the patient presents symptoms linked to pain that are difficult to treat, and that what worries him most is being able to control these symptoms, while highlighting the importance of receiving psychological support in this process. The Anxiety results were moderate, with no statistically significant differences by sex. Low positive correlations were observed between Beliefs and Attitudes (particularly the attitudinal dimension of Exit); Moderate positive correlations were also found between Anxiety and Attitudes (especially with the attitudinal dimensions of Fear, Distancing-acceptance, and Defensiveness), all correlations were statistically significant. It is estimated that Attitudes predict the presence of Anxiety by 17.8%. Conclusions Education about death and palliative care reduces anxiety levels and allows a more effective attitude towards the terminally ill and their family.

Details

Title
Actitudes, Creencias y Ansiedad ante la muerte en los profesionales de salud del Hospital Oncológico SOLCA Ambato
Alternate title
Attitudes, Beliefs and Anxiety towards death in the health professionals of the SOLCA Ambato Oncology Hospital
Publication title
Volume
22
Issue
1
Pages
63-77
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Section
Artículos
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Place of publication
Madrid
Country of publication
Spain
ISSN
1696-7240
e-ISSN
1988-8287
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
Spanish
Document type
Journal Article
Publication history
 
 
Online publication date
2025-05-05
Milestone dates
2024-10-24 (Submitted); 2025-05-05 (Created); 2025-05-05 (Issued); 2025-05-07 (Modified); 2025-05-05 (Published)
Publication history
 
 
   First posting date
05 May 2025
ProQuest document ID
3207704241
Document URL
https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/actitudes-creencias-y-ansiedad-ante-la-muerte-en/docview/3207704241/se-2?accountid=208611
Copyright
© 2025. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Last updated
2025-05-26
Database
ProQuest One Academic