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Women's health is a determining factor in the development of any society, not only for reasons of equity, but also because a healthy and well-cared-for population is essential for economic and social development. Since women often face specific barriers, such as discrimination in the labor market, lack of access to sexual and reproductive health services, and have historically dealt with assigned roles that can limit their economic and social empowerment, development ends up reproducing and widening gender inequalities. This dissertation proposes an in-depth analysis of the interconnections between regional development, gender, and health, focusing on the five regions of Brazil. The main objective was to analyze the relationship between female morbidity and mortality and regional inequality in Brazil. The specific objectives were: a) To identify the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the female population of Brazil; b) To analyze the geographic distribution of female morbidity and mortality and how it relates to regional inequalities; and c) To coreelacionted the influence of socioeconomic factors on access to health services. This study adopted an ecological design to investigate the association between socioeconomic variables, public health policies, and women's health indicators in different regions of Brazil from 2013 to 2022. Data were collected from official sources, such as the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). Cardiovascular diseases and chronic noncommunicable diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the North and Northeast regions. However, infectious and respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia, continue to be the most prevalent in the South and Southeast, where women often have better access to highly complex health services. Thus, it was concluded that the economic development of a region is not directly related to investments in health and, consequently, will not necessarily change the conditions of access to health services for the female population. Based on the data analyzed, it can be concluded that less developed regions have lower mortality rates, but face major challenges, especially in relation to accessibility and quality of health services. However, regions with a greater number of specialized establishments and professionals have lower per capita values and GDP percentages, demonstrating a better use of the inputs that are sent to increase infrastructure.