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Abstract
NOABSTRACT
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a cutaneous malignancy that typically appears in sun-exposed areas. We analyzed data from the Insp-ECT registry of all patients affected by BCC in the head and neck region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of electrochemotherapy (ECT) on a 5-year basis.
A cohort of 132 patients was included. They were treated by ECT according to the current Standard Operating Procedures. The median age was 74 years (range 41–93). There was a median of 1 nodule per patient (range 1–7), and the median size of the lesions was 1.4 cm (range 0.5–5.0 cm).
Patients tolerated ECT well, and 96% agreed to repeat it if needed. The side effects were mild and temporary. All patients achieved a complete clinical response after 1 to 3 ECT sessions. During the first year of follow-up, 4 (3%) patients experienced recurrence, which was treated (2 with ECT, 1 with surgery, and 1 with a combination of ECT and surgery), after which they remained free of disease until the end of follow-up at 5 years. Five patients reported recurrence thereafter and were treated according to their condition. At the 5-year follow-up, the disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 92% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 87%–96%). At that time, 3 patients were alive with disease (2%), and 124 patients were free of disease (98%).
This study shows the feasibility and efficacy of ECT treatment in elderly patients with BCC tumors in aesthetically and functionally sensitive areas, with negligible toxicity. Comparable efficacy to other treatment modalities was demonstrated at 1 year and 5 years of follow-up in terms of DFS.
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Details
1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
2 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
3 Department of Plastic Surgery, Cork University Hospital and Cancer Research@UCC, University College Cork
4 Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
5 Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
6 Department of Dermatologic surgery and Dermatology, Artemed Fachklinik München, Munich, Germany; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
7 Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
8 Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
9 IGEA Biophysics Lab. Carpi, Modena, Italy
10 St George’s University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
11 Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia