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Abstract

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant flexible manufacturing system (FMS) that features a dual-level fault tolerance mechanism at both the workcell and system levels to enhance reliability. The workcell controller was implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Reconfigurable duplication was used as the first level of fault tolerance at the workcell level. It was shown how to detect and recover from FPGA faults such as Single Event Upsets (SEUs), hard faults, and Single Event Functional Interrupts (SEFIs). The prototype of the workcell controller was successfully implemented using two Zybo Z7-20 AMD boards and an Arduino DUE. Petri Nets were used to prove that controller reliability increased by 346% after 1440 operational hours. The second level of fault tolerance was at the FMS level; the Supervisor (SUP) took over the responsibilities of any malfunctioning workcell controller. Riverbed software was used to prove that the system successfully met the end-to-end delay requirements. Finally, Matlab showed that there is a further increase in performability.

Details

1009240
Business indexing term
Title
Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing System
Author
Alkady, Gehad I 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Daoud, Ramez M 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Amer, Hassanein H 2 ; Sallez Yves 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ragai, Hani F 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Electronics and Electrical Communications Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; [email protected] 
 Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, The American University in Cairo (AUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt; [email protected] (R.M.D.); [email protected] (H.H.A.) 
 LAMIH, UMR CNRS 8201, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 59300 Valenciennes, France; [email protected] 
Publication title
Designs; Basel
Volume
9
Issue
3
First page
56
Number of pages
29
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
Place of publication
Basel
Country of publication
Switzerland
Publication subject
e-ISSN
24119660
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
Document type
Journal Article
Publication history
 
 
Online publication date
2025-05-02
Milestone dates
2025-03-26 (Received); 2025-04-27 (Accepted)
Publication history
 
 
   First posting date
02 May 2025
ProQuest document ID
3223891973
Document URL
https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/dual-level-fault-tolerant-fpga-based-flexible/docview/3223891973/se-2?accountid=208611
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Last updated
2025-06-25
Database
ProQuest One Academic