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Gear tooth modification is a pivotal process for improving performance, enhancing durability, and reducing noise in gear systems. This research focuses on optimizing the profile and flank line crowning modification parameters in an NGW involute spur planetary gear drive. A multi-objective optimization framework, integrating uniform design, entropy-weighted TOPSIS, thin-plate spline interpolation, and the Nelder-Mead simplex method, achieves significant advancements in performance metrics. Key outcomes include substantial reductions in peak-to-peak transmission error and system power loss, as well as notable improvements in safety factors and transmission efficiency. The proposed methodology offers a robust and systematic approach for optimizing gear modification parameters, providing broad applicability to complex mechanical systems. Future studies could explore extensions to other gear configurations and evaluate long-term performance under varying operating conditions.