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Abstract (AI English translation)
Information popover about translation disclaimerThis thesis addresses the synthesis of two 2-oxazoline macromonomers, MKA-1 and MKA-2, functionalized with quaternary ammonium groups, and the subsequent polymerization of these prepolymers to obtain hydrogels and graft copolymers. The 2-oxazoline macromonomers were synthesized by cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline using 4-chloromethylstyrene as the initiator, sodium iodide as the catalyst, and N,N-dimethyldodecylamine as the terminating agent. The quaternary ammonium group was thus incorporated into the macromonomer structure. The hydrogels were synthesized by free-radical polymerization of the 2-oxazoline macromonomer and hydroxyethyl methacrylate using ethylene bisacrylamide as the crosslinker. The polymerization was initiated by ammonium persulfate and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine. Graft copolymers were also synthesized via free radical polymerization from the 2-oxazoline and hydroxyethyl methacrylate macromonomers, using 2,2'-azoisobutyronitrile as the initiator. The macromonomers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 1H-NMR spectroscopy determined that the MKA-1 and MKA-2 macromonomers had degrees of polymerization of 21 and 9%, values that were in excellent agreement with theoretical values. The degree of functionalization of MKA-1 and MKA-2 with quaternary ammonium groups was 98 and 99%, respectively. Using infrared spectrometry (FTIR), the hydrogels and graft copolymers were qualitatively characterized, demonstrating the presence of the macromonomer and hydroxyethyl methacrylate molecules in their structure.
To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the MKA-2 macromonomer and the hydrogels, the "Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing" (ATCC 6538P), a standard test strain for disinfectants, was applied. The biocidal capacity of the hydrogels against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was determined. Some of the hydrogels developed showed excellent biocidal activity against this bacterium.
This thesis was developed as part of the PUCP-DFI-PI1000 research project: "Development of a polymeric material with antibacterial properties," with financial support from PUCP.